青年脑出血患者的临床特点及发病危险因素分析(1)
摘 要：目的 探讨青年急性脑出血患者发病的临床特点、危险因素及预防措施。方法 回顾性分析2009年1月～2016年1月中国人民解放军第二五四医院神经内科收治的700例青年脑出血患者临床资料，分析其发病特点及可能的危险因素。结果 2009年～2016年共发生700例青年脑出血，在同期全部脑卒中中所占比例约在21.3%～35.6%。高血压合并动脉硬化仍然是脑出血的最主要病因，占42.7%(299例)。青年人群脑出血的发生与糖尿病史、心脏病史、吸烟史、口服抗凝药史相关(P<0.05)，但仅有心脏病史、吸烟史、口服抗凝药史是独立性危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 青年人群脑出血在临床已不是少见病，高血压合并动脉硬化仍然是最主要病因。心脏病史、吸烟史、口服抗凝药史是影响青年患者发生脑出血的最主要危险因素。
关键词：青年；脑出血；危险因素
中图分类号：R743 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.06.025
, http://www.100md.com
文章编号：1006-1959(2018)06-0080-04
Analysis of Clinical Features and Risk Factors of Cerebral Hemorrhage in Youth
SUN Zhi，XING Xiao-ru，CHUAI Lan-xiang，ZHAO Xin-chun，HAO Ya-nan
(Department of Neurology，No.254 Hospital of PLA，Tianjin 300142，China)
Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics， risk factors and preventive measures of the onset of acute cerebral hemorrhage in young people.Methods The clinical data of 700 young patients with intracerebral hemorrhage treated in the Department of Neurology，254th Hospital of the Chinese people's Liberation Army from January 2009 to January 2016 were retrospectively analyzed，and the characteristics of the disease and the possible risk factors were analyzed.Results From 2009 to 2016， 700 cases of cerebral hemorrhage occurred in young people，and the proportion of all cerebral apoplexy in the same period was about 21.3% to 35.6%.Hypertension combined with arteriosclerosis is still the main cause of cerebral hemorrhage，accounting for 42.7% (299 cases).The incidence of cerebral hemorrhage in young people is related to the history of diabetes，the history of heart disease，smoking history and the history of oral anticoagulant drugs(P<0.05)，but only the history of heart disease， smoking history and oral anticoagulant drugs are independent risk factors(P<0.05).Conclusion Cerebral hemorrhage in young people is not a rare disease in clinic. Hypertension and arteriosclerosis are still the main causes.The history of heart disease，the history of smoking and the history of oral anticoagulant are the most important risk factors affecting the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage in young patients.
, 百拇医药
Key words：Youth；Intracerebral hemorrhage；Risk factors
腦出血(cerebral hemorrhage，ICH)是指非外伤性脑实质内血管破裂引起的出血，占全部脑卒中的约30%[1]，致死率与致残率均较高[2]，大多幸存者会有不同程度的运动障碍、认知障碍等后遗症[3，4]。随着生活水平的提高，人们的食物谱、生活习惯、吸烟喝酒人群比例有了巨大的改变，其中一个突出的趋势就是发病年龄的年轻化[5，6]。青年脑出血主要是指年龄小于45 岁的患者，与通常的中老年卒中相比，青年脑卒中有其自身独特的临床特点及预后[7，8]。而目前，对于青年出血性卒中的研究量较少，对这一特殊人群的脑卒中发病特点及危险因素尚未取得共识[9，10]。因此，本研究探讨了青年急性脑出血的发病特点、危险因素及病因。以期能为临床治疗提供更为个体化、合理化的方案，现分析如下。, http://www.100md.com(孙志 邢效如 揣兰香 赵新春 郝亚楠)
关键词：青年；脑出血；危险因素
中图分类号：R743 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.06.025
, http://www.100md.com
文章编号：1006-1959(2018)06-0080-04
Analysis of Clinical Features and Risk Factors of Cerebral Hemorrhage in Youth
SUN Zhi，XING Xiao-ru，CHUAI Lan-xiang，ZHAO Xin-chun，HAO Ya-nan
(Department of Neurology，No.254 Hospital of PLA，Tianjin 300142，China)
Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics， risk factors and preventive measures of the onset of acute cerebral hemorrhage in young people.Methods The clinical data of 700 young patients with intracerebral hemorrhage treated in the Department of Neurology，254th Hospital of the Chinese people's Liberation Army from January 2009 to January 2016 were retrospectively analyzed，and the characteristics of the disease and the possible risk factors were analyzed.Results From 2009 to 2016， 700 cases of cerebral hemorrhage occurred in young people，and the proportion of all cerebral apoplexy in the same period was about 21.3% to 35.6%.Hypertension combined with arteriosclerosis is still the main cause of cerebral hemorrhage，accounting for 42.7% (299 cases).The incidence of cerebral hemorrhage in young people is related to the history of diabetes，the history of heart disease，smoking history and the history of oral anticoagulant drugs(P<0.05)，but only the history of heart disease， smoking history and oral anticoagulant drugs are independent risk factors(P<0.05).Conclusion Cerebral hemorrhage in young people is not a rare disease in clinic. Hypertension and arteriosclerosis are still the main causes.The history of heart disease，the history of smoking and the history of oral anticoagulant are the most important risk factors affecting the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage in young patients.
, 百拇医药
Key words：Youth；Intracerebral hemorrhage；Risk factors
腦出血(cerebral hemorrhage，ICH)是指非外伤性脑实质内血管破裂引起的出血，占全部脑卒中的约30%[1]，致死率与致残率均较高[2]，大多幸存者会有不同程度的运动障碍、认知障碍等后遗症[3，4]。随着生活水平的提高，人们的食物谱、生活习惯、吸烟喝酒人群比例有了巨大的改变，其中一个突出的趋势就是发病年龄的年轻化[5，6]。青年脑出血主要是指年龄小于45 岁的患者，与通常的中老年卒中相比，青年脑卒中有其自身独特的临床特点及预后[7，8]。而目前，对于青年出血性卒中的研究量较少，对这一特殊人群的脑卒中发病特点及危险因素尚未取得共识[9，10]。因此，本研究探讨了青年急性脑出血的发病特点、危险因素及病因。以期能为临床治疗提供更为个体化、合理化的方案，现分析如下。, http://www.100md.com(孙志 邢效如 揣兰香 赵新春 郝亚楠)