汉川市第二人民医院工作人员职业暴露危险因素分析及防护措施(1)
摘 要：目的 了解汉川市第二人民医院工作人员职业暴露危险因素以采取对应的防范措施。方法 对我院2012年1月～2017年12月共126例医院工作人员职业暴露的发生情况进行统计分析。结果 126例职业暴露中，按工作人员类别分：前3位分别是护士、医生、医院保洁人员；按职业暴露方式分：主要为锐器伤、少量皮肤黏膜暴露；按职业暴露时从事的活动分：前4位是拔输液器针头、注射、手术缝合、抽血。其中暴露源具有传染性占38.10%，职业暴露者中67.46%对乙肝有抵抗力，17.46%为乙肝易感者。结论 通过对职业暴露危险因素统计分析，采取有效的应对措施，通过加强职业暴露防护知识的培训，做好锐器伤的防范措施，做好职业暴露后处理，以达到减少职业暴露发生，降低职业暴露后的感染风险。
关键词：职业暴露；危险因素；防范措施
中图分类号：R184 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.15.058
, http://www.100md.com
文章编号：1006-1959(2018)15-0173-03
Analysis of Occupational Exposure Risk Factors and Protective Measures for Staff of the Second People's Hospital of Hanchuan City
XIE Ling-yan
(Sense Control Office，Second People's Hospital of Hanchuan City，Hanchuan 431602，Hubei，China)
Abstract：Objective To understand the occupational exposure risk factors of the staff of the Second People's Hospital of Hanchuan city to take corresponding preventive measures.Methods A total of 126 hospital staff in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2017 were statistically analyzed.Results Among the 126 occupational exposures，according to the staff categories：the top 3 were nurses，doctors，and hospital cleaning staff；according to occupational exposure：mainly sharp injuries，a small amount of skin mucosal exposure；Activities carried out according to occupational exposure：the first four are infusion needles，injection，surgical suture，and blood draw.Among them，the exposure source was contagious，accounting for 38.10%，67.46% of occupational exposures were resistant to hepatitis B，and 17.46% were susceptible to hepatitis B.Conclusion Through the statistical analysis of occupational exposure risk factors，taking effective measures，through strengthening the training of occupational exposure protection knowledge，doing a good job in the prevention of sharp injuries，doing a good job after occupational exposure，in order to reduce occupational exposure and reduce the risk of infection after occupational exposure.
, 百拇医药
Key words：Occupational exposure；Risk factors；Preventive measures
職业暴露是指医务人员从事诊疗、护理等工作过程中意外被艾滋病、乙肝、丙肝、梅毒及其它病毒感染者或者病人的血液、体液污染了皮肤或者粘膜，或者被含有艾滋病、乙肝、丙肝、梅毒病毒的血液、体液污染了的针头及其他锐器刺破皮肤，有可能被以上病毒感染的情况[1]。医院所在地区，存在着吸毒者、性病患者、艾滋病感染者、乙肝感染者，病人中不同程度感染乙肝、艾滋病、梅毒、丙肝，医务人员由于职业的特殊性，在从事医疗活动中面临着极大的危险性，职业暴露问题越来越引起重视和关注。现对我院2012年1月～2017年12月共126例工作人员发生的职业暴露情况进行统计分析，现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1一般资料 对我院2012年1月～2017年12月共126例工作人员职业暴露的发生情况进行统计分析，调查对象均为医院的工作人员。
1.2方法 采用回顾性调查方法分析员工职业暴露发生时填写的《医务人员血液体液职业暴露登记表》。内容包括姓名、科室、职业、暴露时间、暴露时从事何种活动、暴露方式、暴露源情况、暴露者输血四项检查情况，暴露后处理情况，对不同工作类别人员职业暴露的构成比及导致发生职业暴露的危险因素等状况进行统计分析。, http://www.100md.com(谢凌燕)
关键词：职业暴露；危险因素；防范措施
中图分类号：R184 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.15.058
, http://www.100md.com
文章编号：1006-1959(2018)15-0173-03
Analysis of Occupational Exposure Risk Factors and Protective Measures for Staff of the Second People's Hospital of Hanchuan City
XIE Ling-yan
(Sense Control Office，Second People's Hospital of Hanchuan City，Hanchuan 431602，Hubei，China)
Abstract：Objective To understand the occupational exposure risk factors of the staff of the Second People's Hospital of Hanchuan city to take corresponding preventive measures.Methods A total of 126 hospital staff in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2017 were statistically analyzed.Results Among the 126 occupational exposures，according to the staff categories：the top 3 were nurses，doctors，and hospital cleaning staff；according to occupational exposure：mainly sharp injuries，a small amount of skin mucosal exposure；Activities carried out according to occupational exposure：the first four are infusion needles，injection，surgical suture，and blood draw.Among them，the exposure source was contagious，accounting for 38.10%，67.46% of occupational exposures were resistant to hepatitis B，and 17.46% were susceptible to hepatitis B.Conclusion Through the statistical analysis of occupational exposure risk factors，taking effective measures，through strengthening the training of occupational exposure protection knowledge，doing a good job in the prevention of sharp injuries，doing a good job after occupational exposure，in order to reduce occupational exposure and reduce the risk of infection after occupational exposure.
, 百拇医药
Key words：Occupational exposure；Risk factors；Preventive measures
職业暴露是指医务人员从事诊疗、护理等工作过程中意外被艾滋病、乙肝、丙肝、梅毒及其它病毒感染者或者病人的血液、体液污染了皮肤或者粘膜，或者被含有艾滋病、乙肝、丙肝、梅毒病毒的血液、体液污染了的针头及其他锐器刺破皮肤，有可能被以上病毒感染的情况[1]。医院所在地区，存在着吸毒者、性病患者、艾滋病感染者、乙肝感染者，病人中不同程度感染乙肝、艾滋病、梅毒、丙肝，医务人员由于职业的特殊性，在从事医疗活动中面临着极大的危险性，职业暴露问题越来越引起重视和关注。现对我院2012年1月～2017年12月共126例工作人员发生的职业暴露情况进行统计分析，现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1一般资料 对我院2012年1月～2017年12月共126例工作人员职业暴露的发生情况进行统计分析，调查对象均为医院的工作人员。
1.2方法 采用回顾性调查方法分析员工职业暴露发生时填写的《医务人员血液体液职业暴露登记表》。内容包括姓名、科室、职业、暴露时间、暴露时从事何种活动、暴露方式、暴露源情况、暴露者输血四项检查情况，暴露后处理情况，对不同工作类别人员职业暴露的构成比及导致发生职业暴露的危险因素等状况进行统计分析。, http://www.100md.com(谢凌燕)