男护士自我同情的现状调查与分析(1)
摘 要：目的 了解男护士自我同情的现状并分析其相关因素，为提高男护士的自我同情水平提供理论依据。方法 采用便利抽样法，使用Neff的自我同情量表对北京市4所三级甲等综合医院的100名男护士进行问卷调查，使用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果 男护士自我同情总分为(85.77±8.71)分，各维度得分从高到低依次为：自我友善(16.88±2.62)分、自我评判(15.56±2.67)分、清醒意识(14.50±1.98)分、普遍人性感(13.53±2.44)分、孤立感(12.82±2.77)分、过度沉迷(12.36±2.63)分。不同特征的男护士，其自我同情水平呈现显著性差异(P<0.05)；月收入相对较低和收入不满意者自我同情得分较低；对工作喜欢的男护士其自我同情水平高于不喜欢者；已婚在编男护士自我同情水平较高；合同护士自我同情水平低于在编护士；年龄越大、工作年限越长的男护士其自我同情水平越高；本科学历的男护士其自我同情水平高于大专和硕士以上学历者。结论 男护士自我同情总体水平一般，医院应重点关注未婚低年资男护士的心理状况，同时缩小编制与合同待遇的差距，以提高其自我同情水平。
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关键词：男护士；自我同情；现状调查
中图分类号：R47 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.17.034
文章编号：1006-1959(2018)17-0111-05
Abstract：Objective To understand the status quo of male nurses'self-compassion and analyze the related factors，so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving the self-compassion level of male nurses.Methods Using the convenient sampling method，Neff's self-compassion scale was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 100 male nurses in four tertiary general hospitals in Beijing，and SPSS software was used for statistical analysis.Results The male nurses'self-compassion score was(85.77±8.71).The scores from high to low were：self-friendly(16.88±2.62)，self-assessment(15.56±2.67)，and conscious(14.50±1.98)，generally human sexy(13.53±2.44)，isolation (12.82±2.77)，excessive addiction(12.36±2.63).Male nurses with different characteristics showed significant differences in self-compassion level(P<0.05)；The self-compassion scores of those with relatively low monthly income and income dissatisfaction are lower； the self-compassion level of male nurses who like work is higher than that of dislikers；The self-compassion level of married male nurses was higher；the self-compassion level of contract nurses was lower than that of in-service nurses；the self-compassion level of male nurses with older age and longer working life was higher；the self-compassion level of male nurses with bachelor's degree was higher than that of those with college or master's degree or above.Conclusion The general level of self-compassion of male nurses is general.The hospital should focus on the psychological status of unmarried young male nurses，and narrow the gap between the preparation and contract treatment to improve their self-compassion level.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words：Male nurse；Self-compassion；Status investigation
自我同情(Self-compassion)，又稱为“自我怜悯”或“自悯”，由美国著名心里学家Neff[1]于2003年首次提出。自我同情是指对自身的失败和痛苦不予回避，积极调整态度或情绪，始终保持对自己友善和关切，以宽容和非评判性理解的态度对待自己的处境及遭遇，认识到自己的经历是许多人也遭遇到的共同经历，从而减轻痛苦。护士群体作为社会中的人，失败和痛苦是必然存在的，并且护士面对各种疾病状态下的患者及其家庭，各种负性情绪的冲击更是不可避免。国外研究表明[2]，具有较高自我同情能力的护士能够清晰的认识到自身所处的环境，并将负性的、消极的情绪转化为正性的、积极的情绪，能够与患者及其家属建立更为有效的沟通和交流，并帮助其回复和保持一个乐观、积极、稳定的心理情绪状态。同时，护士也会因长时间、大量的面对负性情绪，而产生同情疲劳，其中以急诊科、肿瘤科、临终关怀及ICU的护士更为突出[3]。目前，在北京的三级甲等医院，男护士队伍愈见状大，并且普遍分布于以上几个科室[4]。目前研究表明，男护士职业优势明显、医院对男护士需求迫切[5]。同时，男护士相比较于女护士，由于性别的不同其心理领域状态具有一定的差异[6]。因此，加强男护士自我同情的能力，对于男护士处理不良情绪问题有着积极重要的作用。目前国内关于男护士自我同情方面的研究较少。因此本研究对男护士进行自我同情现状的调查分析，以期为加强男护士自我同情教育与实践寻找切入点。, http://www.100md.com(程琳 高丽 施丽莎 苏娅丽)
, http://www.100md.com
关键词：男护士；自我同情；现状调查
中图分类号：R47 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.17.034
文章编号：1006-1959(2018)17-0111-05
Abstract：Objective To understand the status quo of male nurses'self-compassion and analyze the related factors，so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving the self-compassion level of male nurses.Methods Using the convenient sampling method，Neff's self-compassion scale was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 100 male nurses in four tertiary general hospitals in Beijing，and SPSS software was used for statistical analysis.Results The male nurses'self-compassion score was(85.77±8.71).The scores from high to low were：self-friendly(16.88±2.62)，self-assessment(15.56±2.67)，and conscious(14.50±1.98)，generally human sexy(13.53±2.44)，isolation (12.82±2.77)，excessive addiction(12.36±2.63).Male nurses with different characteristics showed significant differences in self-compassion level(P<0.05)；The self-compassion scores of those with relatively low monthly income and income dissatisfaction are lower； the self-compassion level of male nurses who like work is higher than that of dislikers；The self-compassion level of married male nurses was higher；the self-compassion level of contract nurses was lower than that of in-service nurses；the self-compassion level of male nurses with older age and longer working life was higher；the self-compassion level of male nurses with bachelor's degree was higher than that of those with college or master's degree or above.Conclusion The general level of self-compassion of male nurses is general.The hospital should focus on the psychological status of unmarried young male nurses，and narrow the gap between the preparation and contract treatment to improve their self-compassion level.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words：Male nurse；Self-compassion；Status investigation
自我同情(Self-compassion)，又稱为“自我怜悯”或“自悯”，由美国著名心里学家Neff[1]于2003年首次提出。自我同情是指对自身的失败和痛苦不予回避，积极调整态度或情绪，始终保持对自己友善和关切，以宽容和非评判性理解的态度对待自己的处境及遭遇，认识到自己的经历是许多人也遭遇到的共同经历，从而减轻痛苦。护士群体作为社会中的人，失败和痛苦是必然存在的，并且护士面对各种疾病状态下的患者及其家庭，各种负性情绪的冲击更是不可避免。国外研究表明[2]，具有较高自我同情能力的护士能够清晰的认识到自身所处的环境，并将负性的、消极的情绪转化为正性的、积极的情绪，能够与患者及其家属建立更为有效的沟通和交流，并帮助其回复和保持一个乐观、积极、稳定的心理情绪状态。同时，护士也会因长时间、大量的面对负性情绪，而产生同情疲劳，其中以急诊科、肿瘤科、临终关怀及ICU的护士更为突出[3]。目前，在北京的三级甲等医院，男护士队伍愈见状大，并且普遍分布于以上几个科室[4]。目前研究表明，男护士职业优势明显、医院对男护士需求迫切[5]。同时，男护士相比较于女护士，由于性别的不同其心理领域状态具有一定的差异[6]。因此，加强男护士自我同情的能力，对于男护士处理不良情绪问题有着积极重要的作用。目前国内关于男护士自我同情方面的研究较少。因此本研究对男护士进行自我同情现状的调查分析，以期为加强男护士自我同情教育与实践寻找切入点。, http://www.100md.com(程琳 高丽 施丽莎 苏娅丽)