结合精准医学与PBL教学提高老年医学研究生综合创新能力的探索(1)
摘 要：随着我国人口老龄化的进程不断加快，社会人口老龄化问题日益突出，培养全面掌握老年医学知识的人才显得日益重要。但因在老年医学教育、教学上的局限性，培养出全面发展的老年医学专科医生迫在眉睫。老年人多病共存的状态普遍存在，但临床教学中难以引导学生多方位的诊治，而以问题作为基础的教学形式以患者的问题作为基准，提出各种合并疾病的诊治原则，能够使学生易于掌握，在老年医学教学中值得推广。同时在新型医学模式下结合精准医学理念，可以培养高质量的老年医学人才，根据老年医学的特点，在老年医学专业人才的筛选、课程设置、临床实践能力的培养、科研创造能力的培养等方面进行了探讨，力求提高老年医学专业人才的综合能力，满足目前社会对老年医学专业的需求。
关键词：老年医学；精准医学；PBL教学；医学研究生
中图分类号：G642 文献标识码：B DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.22.001
, 百拇医药
文章編号：1006-1959(2018)22-0001-04
Exploring the Improvement of Comprehensive Innovation Ability of Geriatrics Graduate Students by Combining Precision Medicine and PBL Teaching
Palida·Abulaiti，Shajidan·Abudureyimu，GAO Ying
(Department of Internal Medicine，Cadres Ward，Subject Two，the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University，Urumqi 830000，Xinjiang，China)
, http://www.100md.com
Abstract：As the number of elderly people increases in our country， the aging problem of social population is becoming more and more prominent.Training personals with knowledge of geriatric medicine is becoming imperative. However， because of the limitations in the education and teaching of geriatric medicine， it is imminent to develop a comprehensive medical specialist for geriatrics.Coexistence of multiple diseases in elderly people is a common phenomenon. Somehow in clinical teaching， it is difficult to guide students in multidimensional diagnosis and treatment. The teaching form of Problem Based Learning (PBL)， based on the patient's problems， proposes the principles for the diagnosis and treatment of various combined diseases， enables students easy to learn， as such is worthy to be popularized in the teaching of Geriatrics.Meanwhile，by combing concepts of precision medicine in light of new medical model， we can educate high quality geriatric medical students. In this article， screening the professionals in geriatrics， curriculum settings， training of clinical practice ability， cultivation of scientific research creativity are discussed according to the characteristics of Geriatrics in order to improve the comprehensive ability of geriatric professionals and meet the needs of current society for geriatric medicine.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words：Geriatrics；Precision medicine；PBL teaching；Medical graduate students
人口老龄化是二十一世纪人类需要面对的重要挑战之一。中国在“十三五”规划期(2020年)60岁及以上人口数目将会超出2.48亿，而到2050年老年人口数量将会到达4.92亿，大概占到总体人口数量的37.88%[1]。所以，老年医学目前面对着极大的挑战与机遇，而培育拥有卓越医学技术的老年病医师十分关键。老年医学硕士教育是老年医学教育的主要构成部分，培养高度专业老年医学人才的主要方式是高等医学医学院校教育的基础与主题。老年医学作为一门新生的、系统性的学科，所牵涉到的内容总体性比较强、所牵涉的医学范围极广，其理论性与科学性都很强，在临床教育过程当中不仅需多门学科的协助，也需要合适的教学观念与教育形式的指引。遗憾的是，老年医学研究生教育面临尴尬的处境，缺乏系统的专业理论培养和临床技能培养，缺乏独立的老年医学临床经验，在老年病学基础与临床研究上缺乏指导及实验平台。国内人口快速老龄化对老年医学人才的需要不断增长，所以怎样准确的培养专业的老年医学人才，怎样提升老年医学医生医疗技术与能力是当代老年医学在国内稳步开展的主要任务。本文结合医学模式的变化、老年患者的疾病特点、老年医学专业研究生培养模式与现代精准医学和PBL教学，针对老年医学专业硕士培养的学科设定与培养途径做出了深入的理论探究，希望对老年医学专业学生的培养带来一定作用。, 百拇医药(帕丽达·阿布来提 沙吉旦·阿不都热衣木 高颖)
关键词：老年医学；精准医学；PBL教学；医学研究生
中图分类号：G642 文献标识码：B DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.22.001
, 百拇医药
文章編号：1006-1959(2018)22-0001-04
Exploring the Improvement of Comprehensive Innovation Ability of Geriatrics Graduate Students by Combining Precision Medicine and PBL Teaching
Palida·Abulaiti，Shajidan·Abudureyimu，GAO Ying
(Department of Internal Medicine，Cadres Ward，Subject Two，the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University，Urumqi 830000，Xinjiang，China)
, http://www.100md.com
Abstract：As the number of elderly people increases in our country， the aging problem of social population is becoming more and more prominent.Training personals with knowledge of geriatric medicine is becoming imperative. However， because of the limitations in the education and teaching of geriatric medicine， it is imminent to develop a comprehensive medical specialist for geriatrics.Coexistence of multiple diseases in elderly people is a common phenomenon. Somehow in clinical teaching， it is difficult to guide students in multidimensional diagnosis and treatment. The teaching form of Problem Based Learning (PBL)， based on the patient's problems， proposes the principles for the diagnosis and treatment of various combined diseases， enables students easy to learn， as such is worthy to be popularized in the teaching of Geriatrics.Meanwhile，by combing concepts of precision medicine in light of new medical model， we can educate high quality geriatric medical students. In this article， screening the professionals in geriatrics， curriculum settings， training of clinical practice ability， cultivation of scientific research creativity are discussed according to the characteristics of Geriatrics in order to improve the comprehensive ability of geriatric professionals and meet the needs of current society for geriatric medicine.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words：Geriatrics；Precision medicine；PBL teaching；Medical graduate students
人口老龄化是二十一世纪人类需要面对的重要挑战之一。中国在“十三五”规划期(2020年)60岁及以上人口数目将会超出2.48亿，而到2050年老年人口数量将会到达4.92亿，大概占到总体人口数量的37.88%[1]。所以，老年医学目前面对着极大的挑战与机遇，而培育拥有卓越医学技术的老年病医师十分关键。老年医学硕士教育是老年医学教育的主要构成部分，培养高度专业老年医学人才的主要方式是高等医学医学院校教育的基础与主题。老年医学作为一门新生的、系统性的学科，所牵涉到的内容总体性比较强、所牵涉的医学范围极广，其理论性与科学性都很强，在临床教育过程当中不仅需多门学科的协助，也需要合适的教学观念与教育形式的指引。遗憾的是，老年医学研究生教育面临尴尬的处境，缺乏系统的专业理论培养和临床技能培养，缺乏独立的老年医学临床经验，在老年病学基础与临床研究上缺乏指导及实验平台。国内人口快速老龄化对老年医学人才的需要不断增长，所以怎样准确的培养专业的老年医学人才，怎样提升老年医学医生医疗技术与能力是当代老年医学在国内稳步开展的主要任务。本文结合医学模式的变化、老年患者的疾病特点、老年医学专业研究生培养模式与现代精准医学和PBL教学，针对老年医学专业硕士培养的学科设定与培养途径做出了深入的理论探究，希望对老年医学专业学生的培养带来一定作用。, 百拇医药(帕丽达·阿布来提 沙吉旦·阿不都热衣木 高颖)