当前位置: 首页 > 期刊 > 《医学信息》 > 2019年第3期
编号:13327479
邯郸地区生长发育异常儿童骨龄生长学特征及相关因素研究(1)

     摘要:目的 通過对邯郸地区生长发育异常(矮身高)儿童骨龄评价,探索该组儿童的生长发育现状,从而指导临床对生长发育异常儿童的重视和关注,达到早发现、早干预、早治疗等目的。方法 收集邯郸地区2014年1月~2017年12月以生长发育异常(矮身高)而就诊,拍摄手腕部骨龄片1478例,应用CHN骨龄测评方法和G-P图谱法对其骨龄进行评估,根据骨龄判定标准,从而判定矮身高儿童的骨龄现状。结果 ①矮身高儿童的骨龄表现骨龄落后657例,骨龄吻合578例,骨龄提前243例,以骨龄落后为主,男性小于生活年龄(1.38±1.39)岁,女性小于生活年龄(1.25±0.76)岁。②不同原因导致的矮身高骨龄生长学特征不同;③手腕骨不同骨骺,在骨龄落后的程度也不同,在657例骨龄落后病例中,尺骨发育晚或形态落后130例,腕骨数量少或形态落后178例,多个骨骺联合发育落后125例,伴有第二掌骨基底部假骨骺77例,而桡骨远端、掌指骨骨骺发育晚的所占比例较少。结论 ①矮身高儿童的骨龄发育可以表现为骨龄落后、骨龄提前和骨龄吻合,以骨龄落后为主;②不同病因导致的矮身高骨龄生长学特征不同,不健康生活方式、先天条件不足、特发性矮小导致的矮身高,骨龄多落后在2岁以内多见,而病理性矮身高,如生长激素缺乏大部分骨龄落后,多在2岁左右,甲状腺功能低下导致的骨龄落后程度较大,一般在3岁左右,肾脏疾病导致的骨龄情况髓这体内激素分泌的变化而变化,可骨龄落后、也可骨龄提前;而Turner综合征及其他基因遗传性疾病中,骨龄落后程度较小,多在1~2岁;性早熟导致的矮身高,骨龄多提前,偶有骨龄落后的发生。③骨龄落后以腕骨、尺骨出现晚或形态落后、或多个骨骺联合落后为主,但伴有第二掌骨基底部假骨骺也有一定比率,是否能作为判定骨龄落后的标志有待研究。

    关键词:生长发育异常;矮身高;骨龄测评;骨龄落后程度

    中图分类号:R153.2 文献标识码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2019.03.042

    文章编号:1006-1959(2019)03-0131-03

    Abstract:Objective To explore the growth and development status of children in this group by analyzing the bone age of children with abnormal growth and development (small height), and to guide the clinical attention that focus on children with abnormal growth and development, to achieve early detection, early intervention, early treatment and so on. Methods From January 2014 to December 2017, children with abnormal growth and development were collected in Handan area. 1478 cases of wrist bone age were taken. The bone age was evaluated by CHN bone age measurement method and GP mapping method. Determine the criteria to determine the age of the bones of children with short stature.Results ①The bone age of short stature children showed 657 cases of bone age, 578 cases of bone age anastomosis, and 243 cases of bone age, mainly due to bone age, males less than the age of life (1.38±1.39) years old, and women less than the age of life (1.25±0.76) years old. ②The growth characteristics of the short bones and bones caused by different reasons were different;③Different bones of the wrist bones were different in the degree of bone age. In 657 cases of bone age backwards, 130 cases had late ulnar development or backward shape, and the number of wrist bones was small or the shape was backward. Of the 178 cases, 125 cases were associated with multiple osteophytes, and 77 cases were associated with the second metacarpal base. The proportion of the distal humerus and metacarpal phalanx was less. Conclusion ①The skeletal age of children with short stature can be expressed as bone age, bone age and bone age, and bone age is the main cause; ②Different causes of short stature and high bone age growth characteristics, unhealthy lifestyle, innate conditions, idiopathic short The resulting short stature, bone age is more than 2 years old, and pathological short height, such as growth hormone deficiency, most of the bones are backward, mostly around 2 years old, the skeletal age caused by hypothyroidism is relatively large, generally 3 years old, the bone age caused by kidney disease changes in the hormone secretion in the marrow, but the bone age is backward, but the bone age is advanced; while in Turner syndrome and other genetic hereditary diseases, the bone age is less, mostly in 1~2 years old; short stature caused by precocious puberty, bone age is advanced, and sometimes bone age is behind.③The bone age is backward. The wrist bone and ulna appear late or the shape is backward, or multiple osteophytes are backward. However, there is also a certain ratio of the pseudocarpar bone at the base of the second metacarpal bone. Whether it can be used as a marker for determining the backwardness of bone age is the goal of further research.(董静娟 董辉)
1 2 3下一页
    濠电姷鏁告慨鐑藉极閹间礁纾块柟瀵稿Т缁躲倝鏌﹀Ο渚&婵炲樊浜濋崑鎰版偣閸ヮ亜鐨烘い锔诲幖閳规垿鎮╃紒妯婚敪濠电偛鐪伴崐婵嬨€佸鑸电劶鐎广儱妫涢崢鍗炩攽閻愭潙鐏ョ€规洦鍓熷鎼佸Χ閸℃劒绨婚梺鍐叉惈閸燁偊宕㈤幘顔界厸閻忕偛澧介埥澶愭煃閽樺妯€鐎规洩绻濋幃娆忣啅椤斾粙鐛庨梻鍌欑閹碱偊藝椤愶箑鐤炬繝濠傚悩濞戙垹绀冩い鏃囧閹芥洖鈹戦悙鏉戠仸閼裤倝鏌$€n亪鍙勯柣鎿冨亰瀹曞爼濡搁敃鈧惃鎴︽⒑缁嬫鍎愰柟姝屽吹缁骞掗弬鍝勪壕闁挎繂绨肩花浠嬫煕閺冩挾鐣辨い顏勫暣婵″爼宕卞Δ鈧ḿ鎴︽⒑缁嬫鍎愰柟鐟版喘瀵鈽夐姀鈥充汗閻庤娲栧ú銏ゅ焵椤掍礁绗氬ǎ鍥э躬瀹曪絾寰勬繝鍌ゆ綋闂備礁鐤囬~澶愬垂閸喚鏆﹂柛顐f礀閻撴﹢鏌i幇闈涘濞存粍鐟╁铏规嫚閺屻儺鈧绱掗悩鑼х€规洘娲熷畷锟犳倷瀹ュ棛鈽夐柍钘夘樀婵偓闁绘﹢娼ф慨锔戒繆閻愵亜鈧牜鏁幒妞濆洭顢涢悙鏉戔偓鍫曟煥閺冨倻鎽傛繛鍫滅矙閺岋綁骞囬浣叉灆闂佺ǹ瀛╁褰掋€冮妷鈺傚€烽柛娆忣槸閺嬬姴顪冮妶鍐ㄧ仾婵☆偄鍟悾鐑藉Ω閳哄﹥鏅i梺缁樺姍濞佳囧箹缁嬪簱鏀介柣妯虹仛閺嗏晠鏌涚€n剙鈻堟鐐存崌椤㈡棃宕卞Δ鍐摌闂備浇顕栭崹濂告倶閹邦優娲敂閸曨収鍚呴梻浣虹帛閿氶柛姘e亾缂備焦顨呴ˇ闈涱潖濞差亜绠伴幖杈剧悼閻g敻姊洪悷鏉挎Щ妞ゆ垵顦悾鐑芥偨缁嬪潡鍞跺┑鐘焺娴滄繂螞閸愵喖鏋侀柛灞剧矌妞规娊鎮楅敐搴濈盎濠碘€炽偢濮婄粯鎷呴崨濠冨枑闂佺ǹ顑囬崑銈夌嵁閹版澘绠柦妯侯槼閹芥洟姊洪崫鍕偍闁搞劌缍婇悰顕€濮€閵堝棛鍘搁梺鎼炲劗閺呮稑鐡┑鐘殿暯閳ь剝灏欓惌娆撴煛瀹€瀣М濠殿喒鍋撻梺瀹犳〃閼宠埖绂掗埡鍐=闁稿本姘ㄥ瓭闂佹寧娲︽禍顏堟偘椤旂晫绡€闁搞儯鍔嶅▍銏ゆ⒑缂佹〒鍦焊濞嗘挻鍋柍褜鍓氭穱濠囨倷椤忓嫧鍋撻弽顓炵濡わ絽鍟壕濠氭煟閺傛寧鎲告い鈺冨厴閺岀喖骞嶉纰辨毉闂佹娊鏀遍崹鍧楀蓟濞戙垺鏅滈悹鍥ㄥ絻缁楀矂姊洪懡銈呮瀾闁革絾娼欑叅妞ゅ繐瀚€瑜旈弻娑㈠Ψ椤旀儳甯ュ┑鐐跺亹閸犳牕顫忓ú顏勭闁告瑥顦伴崕鎾绘⒑閻熸澘鏆辨慨姗堝閹广垹顫濋懜纰樻嫽婵炶揪绲介幊娆掋亹閹烘垵鐝樺銈嗗笒閸婂鎯屽▎鎾寸厵闁绘垶锕╁▓鏇㈡煕婵犲倻浠涢柕鍥у瀵剟宕归瑙勫瘱缂備胶鍋撻崕鎶藉Χ閹间礁钃熼柨鐔哄Т缁€鍐煏婵炲灝鍔楅柛瀣尵缁瑩骞愭惔銏㈡婵犵數濮烽弫鍛婃叏椤撱垹绠柛鎰靛枛缁€瀣煕椤垵浜為柡澶婄秺閺岋絾鎯旈姀鈺佹櫛闂佸摜濮甸悧鐘诲箖閵夆晜鍋傞幖杈剧稻濞堟儳鈹戦濮愪粶闁稿鎸搁埞鎴﹀焺閸愵亝鎲欏銈忛檮婵炲﹪寮诲☉銏犵闁哄鍨规禒鍝ョ磽娴h櫣甯涚紒瀣崌閸┾偓妞ゆ帊鑳堕埊鏇炵暆閿濆懏鍋ラ柟顖氭湰缁绘繈宕戦懞銉︻棃闁诡喒鏅犲畷锝嗗緞鐎n亝鐎鹃梻鍌欐祰濡椼劎娆㈤敓鐘查棷闁挎繂顦埀顑跨窔瀵挳濮€閳╁啯鐝曢梻浣藉Г閿氭い锔跨矙閸┾偓妞ゆ帊鑳堕埥澶愭煃鐟欏嫬鐏撮柡浣哥Ч瀹曠喖顢曢敍鍕礋婵犵數濮幏鍐川椤旂晫褰х紓鍌欑贰閸犳鎮烽敂鐐床婵犻潧顑呴悙濠囨煏婵炑冨暙缁犵増绻濋悽闈浶為柛銊у帶閳绘柨鈽夐姀鈩冩珖闂侀潧鐗嗛ˇ顖毿ч弻銉︾厸闁搞儮鏅涢弸鎴︽煕濞嗗繒绠婚柡宀嬬秮閹垽鎮℃惔婵嗘瀳婵犵妲呴崹顏堝磻閹剧粯鈷掑ù锝堝Г閵嗗啰绱掗埀顒佹媴閾忓湱鐓嬮梺鍦檸閸犳宕戦埡鍌滅瘈闂傚牊渚楅崕蹇曠磼閳ь剟宕橀埞澶哥盎濡炪倖鎸鹃崰搴ㄦ倶閿濆鐓欓悗鐢登归崢瀛樻叏婵犲嫮甯涢柟宄版噽缁數鈧綆浜濋悾浼存⒒娴e憡鎲稿┑顔炬暬楠炴垿宕惰閺嗭附绻濋棃娑冲姛闁汇倐鍋撴繝鐢靛仦閸ㄥ吋銇旈幖浣哥柧闁挎繂娲ㄧ壕浠嬫煕鐏炲墽鎳呴柛鏂跨Т閻f繈鏁愰崨顔间淮闂佺硶鏂傞崹钘夘嚕椤曗偓瀹曞ジ鎮㈤崫鍕闂傚倷鑳堕幊鎾活敋椤撱垹纾块柟瀵稿仧閻熻绻涢幋娆忕仾闁绘挻娲熼弻锟犲磼濮樺彉铏庨梺鍝勬4缂嶄線寮婚垾宕囨殕閻庯綆鍓涢惁鍫ユ倵鐟欏嫭绀冮悽顖涘浮閿濈偛鈹戠€e灚鏅i梺缁橈耿濞佳囩嵁閳ь剛绱撻崒姘偓鎼佸磹閻戣姤鍊块柨鏇炲€堕埀顒€鍟村畷銊ヮ潰閵堝懏鍠橀柡灞芥椤撳ジ宕ㄩ姘曞┑锛勫亼閸婃牜鏁幒妤€绐楁慨姗嗗厳缂傛岸鏌熼柇锕€鏋ょ痪鎯у悑閵囧嫰寮崶褌姹楃紓浣哄Т椤兘寮婚妸銉㈡斀闁割偅绻€濡叉劙姊烘潪鎵槮闁哥喐娼欓悾鐑藉箳閹搭厽鍍甸梺鍛婎殘閸嬬偤骞夐姀銈嗏拻濞达綀妫勯崥鐟扳攽閻愨晛浜剧紓鍌氬€搁崐褰掓嚌妤e啫鐓濈€广儱顦伴弲鏌ユ煕閵夈垺娅囬柣鎾愁儔濮婃椽宕滈懠顒€甯ラ梺鍝ュУ閹瑰洭宕洪埀顒併亜閹哄秶顦︾紒妤佸笚閵囧嫰顢曢敐鍥╃杽濡炪們鍨洪敃銏ゅ箖閳哄拋鏁冮柨婵嗗缂嶅矂姊婚崒姘偓椋庢濮橆兗缂氱憸宥囧弲闂侀潧鐗嗛幃鍨洪鍕庘晠鏌嶆潪鎷屽厡闁告棑绠戦—鍐Χ閸℃鐟ㄩ梺绋款儏濡繂顕i妸鈺傚亱闁割偁鍨婚鏇熺節閵忥絾纭炬い鎴濇搐鐓ら悗鐢电《閸嬫挾鎲撮崟顒傦紭闂佹悶鍔忔慨銈嗙┍婵犲洤閱囬柡鍥╁仧閸婄偤姊洪棃娴ㄥ綊宕曢悜妯侯嚤闁哄洢鍨洪悡鐔兼煟閺傛寧鎲搁柣顓炶嫰椤儻顦虫い銊ョ墦瀵偊顢欓崲澶嬫瀹曨亪宕橀鍡忔(婵犵數濮伴崹濂稿春閺嶎厼绀夐柡宥庡幖绾惧鏌ㄥ┑鍡╂Ч闁绘挻娲熼弻鏇熷緞濡櫣浠╁銈傛櫓閸撴瑩鍩ユ径鎰闁荤喐澹嗗В銏㈢磽娴d粙鍝洪悽顖涱殔宀h儻绠涘☉妯溾晝鎲歌箛娑欏仼濠靛倸鎲¢埛鎴犳喐閻楀牆淇俊顐e灥閳规垿鎮欓埡浣峰闂傚倷娴囬鏍窗濡ゅ啫鍨濋柟鎹愵嚙缁犳澘鈹戦悩鎻掓殭缂佸墎鍋涢…璺ㄦ崉閾忓湱浼囧┑顔硷功閸嬫挾鎹㈠┑瀣仺闂傚牊绋愮划璺侯渻閵堝棙澶勯柛妯圭矙楠炲牓濡搁敂鍝勪簼闂佸憡鍔戦崝宥呂i鍕拺闁告繂瀚埢澶愭煕濡亽鍋㈢€规洖缍婂畷鎺楁倷鐎电ǹ甯惧┑鐘垫暩閸嬬喖宕戦幘鏂ユ瀺闁糕剝绋掗悡鏇㈡倵閿濆啫濡煎┑鈥炽偢濡焦寰勯幇顓犲弳濠电娀娼уΛ娆撳闯瑜版帗鐓涢柛鈩冪懃閺嬫垵菐閸パ嶈含妞ゃ垺绋戦~婵嬪础閻愨晛寰嶅┑鐘愁問閸犳牠鏁冮妷銉富濞寸姴顑冮埀顑跨窔瀵挳濮€閳╁啯鐝抽梻浣虹《閸撴繈鎮烽敃鍌ゆ晣濠电姵纰嶉埛鎺懨归敐鍫燁仩閻㈩垱鐩弻鐔哄枈閸楃偘绨介梺鐟扮畭閸ㄥ綊鍩為幋鐘亾閿濆骸澧紒渚婄畵閺岋絾鎯旈婊呅i梺鍝ュУ閻楁粎鍒掓繝姘櫜闁糕剝鐟ч惁鍫熺節閻㈤潧孝闁稿﹥鎮傞、鏃堫敃閿旂晫鍘甸梺鍝勵儛閸嬪嫭鎱ㄩ崒娑欏弿濠电姴鍟妵婵囶殽閻愭潙濮堥柟顖涙閺佹劙宕掑☉杈ㄧ秾闂傚倸鍊风粈渚€骞栭锔藉亱婵犲﹤鐗嗙粈鍫ユ煟閺冨牜妫戦柡鍡畵閺岋綁鎮㈢粙娆炬闂佸壊鍋掓禍顏堝蓟濞戙垹鍗抽柕濞垮劚鐎涳絽鈹戦悙瀛樼稇閻庢凹鍓熼垾鏃堝礃椤斿槈褔鏌涢埄鍐炬畼闁荤喐鍔欏铏圭磼濡椽鍤嬬紓浣哄У閹告悂顢氶敐澶婄缂佹稑顑嗛弲婊堟⒑閸撴彃浜為柛鐘虫崌瀹曘垽鏌嗗鍡忔嫼闂佽崵鍠撴晶妤呭箚閸垻纾煎璺侯儐缂嶆垿鏌i敐鍥ㄦ毈鐎规洖宕埥澶娾枎閹存繂绗氶梺鑽ゅ枑缁秶鍒掗幘宕囨殾婵犲﹤鍠氬ḿ鈺傘亜閹烘埈妲归柛宥囨暬濮婃椽妫冨ù銉ョ墦瀵彃饪伴崼婵堬紱闂佺ǹ鐬奸崑鐐烘偂閵夆晜鐓熼柡鍌涘閹牏鈧稒绻堥弻锝夋偄閸濄儲鍤傜紓浣哄У閹瑰洭鎮伴鈧浠嬵敇閻愭鍟囨俊鐐€栭幐楣冨磻閻斿摜顩锋い鏍ㄧ矌绾捐棄霉閿濆棗绲诲ù婊呭亾缁绘繈濮€閿濆棛銆愰梺鎰佸灡濞叉繈濡甸幇鏉跨闁瑰濯Σ顖炴⒒娴e懙鍦崲濡ゅ懎纾婚柟閭﹀厴閺嬫棃鏌曢崼婵愭Ч闁抽攱鍨圭槐鎾存媴鐠愵垳绱扮紓浣哄У閻楃娀寮婚敐澶婄厸濠电姴鍊绘禒鈺呮⒑娴兼瑧鎮奸柛蹇旓耿瀵偊骞樼紒妯轰汗闂佽偐鈷堥崜锕€危娴煎瓨鈷掑ù锝堟娴滃綊鏌嶅畡鎵ⅵ鐎规洘绮岄~婵囷紣濠靛洦娅撻梻浣侯攰閹活亪姊介崟顖氱厱闁硅揪闄勯崑锝夋煕閵夘垳宀涢柛瀣崌閹煎綊顢曢妶鍕寜闂傚倸鍊风粈渚€骞夐敓鐘茶摕闁靛⿵瀵屽▓浠嬫煙闂傚顦﹂柣鎾寸箞閺岀喖骞戦幇闈涙缂備胶濯寸紞渚€寮婚敐澶婄疀妞ゆ挾鍠撶粙鍥ь渻閵堝懎顒㈤柟鍛婃倐閸╃偤骞嬮敂钘変汗闁荤姴娉ч崘褏鐭楅梻鍌欑閹芥粓宕抽妷鈺佸瀭闁割偅娲滃畵渚€鏌涢埄鍐槈缁炬儳鍚嬮幈銊╂晲鎼粹€崇缂傚倸绉撮敃顏堢嵁閸愵喖鐓涢柛娑卞幘椤斿矂姊洪崷顓炲妺缂佽鍊规穱濠囨煥鐎n剛鐦堥梺姹囧灲濞佳嗏叴闂備胶枪椤戝棝骞戦崶顒€钃熼柣鏂跨殱閺嬫棃鏌涢…鎴濇灍闁诲繑鎸剧槐鎺撱偅閸愵亞鏆紓浣哄У閻楃姴顕f繝姘亜閻炴稈鈧厖澹曢梺姹囧灮濞呫儵鎮烽悧鍫熺槑闂備浇宕甸崰鎰垝鎼淬垺娅犳俊銈呮噺閸嬪倿鏌ㄩ悢鍝勑㈤柦鍐枑缁绘盯骞嬪▎蹇曚患缂備胶濮垫繛濠囧蓟閿熺姴纾兼慨妯块哺閻ㄦ垿姊洪崫鍕靛剰闁瑰啿閰i崺鐐哄箣閿旇棄鈧兘鏌涘▎蹇fЦ婵炲拑缍佸缁樻媴缁嬭法鐩庣紓浣藉皺閸嬫挾绮氭潏銊х瘈闁搞儜鍜佸晪婵$偑鍊栧Λ浣规叏閵堝應鏋嶉柕蹇嬪€栭埛鎴︽偣閹帒濡兼繛鍛姍閺岀喖宕欓妶鍡楊伓

   闂傚倸鍊峰ù鍥敋瑜嶉湁闁绘垼妫勯弸浣糕攽閻樺疇澹樼痪鎹愵嚙閳规垿鎮╅崣澶嬫倷缂備焦鍔栭〃濠囧蓟閿熺姴鐐婇柍杞扮劍閻忎線姊哄畷鍥ㄥ殌缂佸鎸抽崺鐐哄箣閿旇棄浜归梺鍛婄懃椤︿即骞冨▎蹇婃斀闁宠棄妫楁禍婵嬫煥閺囨ê鐏茬€殿喛顕ч埥澶愬閻樻牓鍔戦弻鏇$疀婵犲倸鈷夐梺缁樼箖閻楃娀骞冨畡鎵冲牚闁告劑鍔庨惄搴ㄦ⒑閻熸澘娈╅柟鍑ゆ嫹  闂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佸磹閻戣姤鍤勯柤鍝ユ暩娴犳氨绱撻崒娆掑厡缂侇噮鍨堕妴鍐川閺夋垹鍘洪悗骞垮劚椤︻垶宕¢幎鑺ョ厪闊洦娲栨牎闂佽瀵掗崜鐔奉潖閾忓湱纾兼俊顖氭惈椤酣姊虹粙璺ㄦ槀闁稿﹥绻傞悾鐑藉即閻愬灚娈曢梺鍛婃处閸撴盯宕㈡禒瀣拺闂侇偅绋戝畵鍡樼箾娴e啿瀚▍鐘炽亜閺傛娼熷ù婊勭矒楠炴牠骞栭鐐典画闁诲孩鐔幏锟�  闂傚倸鍊搁崐宄懊归崶褏鏆﹂柛顭戝亝閸欏繘鏌℃径瀣婵炲樊浜滃洿闂佹悶鍎荤徊鑺ョ閻愵剚鍙忔俊顖滃帶鐢爼鏌h箛銉╂闁靛洤瀚版慨鈧柨娑樺閸f澘螖閻橀潧浠滄い鎴濐樀瀵偊宕橀鑲╁姦濡炪倖甯掗崐濠氭儗閸℃稒鐓曢柡鍥ュ妼閻忥繝鏌i幘璺烘瀾濞e洤锕、娑樷攽閹邦剚顔勭紓鍌欐祰鐏忣亜鐣烽悽鍨潟闁圭偓鍓氶崥瀣叓閸ャ劍鐓ユい蹇ユ嫹  闂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佸磹閻戣姤鍤勯柛顐f礀缁犵娀鏌熼幑鎰靛殭閻熸瑱绠撻幃妤呮晲鎼粹€愁潻闂佹悶鍔嶇换鍫ョ嵁閺嶎灔搴敆閳ь剚淇婇懖鈺冩/闁诡垎浣镐划闂佸搫鏈ú妯兼崲濞戙垺鍊锋い鎺嶈兌瑜板懘姊绘担鍛婂暈妞ゃ劌妫欑换娑欑節閸パ嗘憰闂佹枼鏅涢崯顐ゆ閻愮儤鍊甸柨婵嗙凹缁ㄤ粙鏌涢弮鍋冲綊鍩為幋锕€鐓¢柛鈩冾殘娴煎牓姊洪悷鏉挎闁瑰嚖鎷�