西安市三级医院肿瘤外科护士职业倦怠及影响因素分析(1)
摘要：目的 了解肿瘤外科护士职业倦怠现状，分析其影响因素。方法 2017年12月～2018年2月采用随机抽样方法抽取西安市五所三级医院肿瘤外科432名护士进行调查，采用Maslach编制的职业倦怠感量表进行调查。结果 肿瘤外科护士职业倦怠检出率为72.68%，其中轻度倦怠占37.92%，中度倦怠占42.28%，重度倦怠占19.80%。职业倦怠三个维度中，情感耗竭得分(27.42±12.99)分，去人格化得分(8.12±7.94)分，低个人成就感分得(30.2±11.71)分，均属于高度倦怠，且分别高于国内常模，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素回归显示：年龄、长期轮值夜班影响护士的职业倦怠。结论 肿瘤外科护士职业倦怠感处于中等偏高水平，医院管理者应引起重视，通过改善夜班工作模式，年龄层级培养加强护士降低职业倦怠感的发生，提高工作满意度。
关键词：肿瘤外科;护士;职业倦怠;影响因素
中图分类号：R47 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2019.03.046
, 百拇医药
文章编号：1006-1959(2019)03-0143-03
Abstract：Objective To understand the status of occupational burnout of tumor surgical nurses and analyze its influencing factors.Methods From December 2017 to February 2018，432 nurses of tumor surgery in five grade III hospitals in Xi'an were selected by random sampling and investigated with Maslach's Job Burnout scale.Results The detectable rate of occupational burnout of tumor surgical nurses was 72.68%，of which mild burnout accounted for 37.92%，moderate burnout 42.28% and severe burnout 19.80%.In the three dimensions of job burnout， the scores of emotional exhaustion (27.42±12.99)，depersonalization (8.12±7.94) and low personal accomplishment (30.2±11.71) were highly burnout and higher than the domestic norm，the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Multivariate regression analysis showed that age and long-term night shift affected job burnout of nurses.Conclusion The occupational burnout of tumor surgical nurses is on the middle and high level.Hospital administrators should pay attention to the improvement of night shift work mode and age level training to strengthen nurses to reduce the occurrence of job burnout and improve job satisfaction.
, 百拇医药
Key words：Tumor surgical;Nurse;Job burnout;Affecting factors
職业倦怠(Job burnout)是由于个体长期遭受情绪和人际关系紧张源而产生的以情感耗竭、去人性化和成就感降低为表现形式的反应[1]，影响身心健康，导致工作效率低、增加离职率[2]。护理人员普遍存在职业倦怠[3]，查阅相关文献关于肿瘤外科护士职业倦怠研究相对较少。然而随着恶性肿瘤发病率及死亡率逐年上升，医学技术也在不断发展[4]，肿瘤外科现在是一个集肿瘤手术、围手术期放疗、化疗、微创介入治疗及放射性粒子治疗为一体的综合治疗科室。患者多、愈后差、术后病情变化快、工作负荷重、医疗纠纷多以及职业防护保障薄弱易导致护士产生职业倦怠感。本研究将对肿瘤外科护士职业倦怠现状进行调查，分析影响因素，为医院管理者降低职业倦怠感提供理论依据。
1资料与方法
1.1研究对象 选择整群抽样方法于2017年12月～2018年2月抽取陕西省西安市五所三级医院，肿瘤外科护士423名。入选标准：①从事临床护理工作满1年;②获得护士执业证护士;③了解本次研究目的并自愿参加问卷调查。排除标准：满足入选标准，调查时不在岗的护士。, 百拇医药(段江英 李燕琴)
关键词：肿瘤外科;护士;职业倦怠;影响因素
中图分类号：R47 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2019.03.046
, 百拇医药
文章编号：1006-1959(2019)03-0143-03
Abstract：Objective To understand the status of occupational burnout of tumor surgical nurses and analyze its influencing factors.Methods From December 2017 to February 2018，432 nurses of tumor surgery in five grade III hospitals in Xi'an were selected by random sampling and investigated with Maslach's Job Burnout scale.Results The detectable rate of occupational burnout of tumor surgical nurses was 72.68%，of which mild burnout accounted for 37.92%，moderate burnout 42.28% and severe burnout 19.80%.In the three dimensions of job burnout， the scores of emotional exhaustion (27.42±12.99)，depersonalization (8.12±7.94) and low personal accomplishment (30.2±11.71) were highly burnout and higher than the domestic norm，the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Multivariate regression analysis showed that age and long-term night shift affected job burnout of nurses.Conclusion The occupational burnout of tumor surgical nurses is on the middle and high level.Hospital administrators should pay attention to the improvement of night shift work mode and age level training to strengthen nurses to reduce the occurrence of job burnout and improve job satisfaction.
, 百拇医药
Key words：Tumor surgical;Nurse;Job burnout;Affecting factors
職业倦怠(Job burnout)是由于个体长期遭受情绪和人际关系紧张源而产生的以情感耗竭、去人性化和成就感降低为表现形式的反应[1]，影响身心健康，导致工作效率低、增加离职率[2]。护理人员普遍存在职业倦怠[3]，查阅相关文献关于肿瘤外科护士职业倦怠研究相对较少。然而随着恶性肿瘤发病率及死亡率逐年上升，医学技术也在不断发展[4]，肿瘤外科现在是一个集肿瘤手术、围手术期放疗、化疗、微创介入治疗及放射性粒子治疗为一体的综合治疗科室。患者多、愈后差、术后病情变化快、工作负荷重、医疗纠纷多以及职业防护保障薄弱易导致护士产生职业倦怠感。本研究将对肿瘤外科护士职业倦怠现状进行调查，分析影响因素，为医院管理者降低职业倦怠感提供理论依据。
1资料与方法
1.1研究对象 选择整群抽样方法于2017年12月～2018年2月抽取陕西省西安市五所三级医院，肿瘤外科护士423名。入选标准：①从事临床护理工作满1年;②获得护士执业证护士;③了解本次研究目的并自愿参加问卷调查。排除标准：满足入选标准，调查时不在岗的护士。, 百拇医药(段江英 李燕琴)