当代前列腺动脉栓塞术的文献(1)
摘要:前列腺动脉栓塞术作为一种崭新的放射介入技术,用于治疗良性前列腺增生继发下尿路症状的患者。良性前列腺增生症是一种常见于中老年男性患者的临床病症,它常导致典型的下尿路症状,包括夜尿、尿频、尿急、尿流率下降、排尿踌躇、不完全排空感等。通常在排除肿瘤、炎症、中枢神经系统疾病等病因后,由良性前列腺增生所引起的轻中度下尿路症状可行观察疗法或药物治疗,而对于中重度症状患者,则多建议手术治疗。自早期偶然发现选择性地前列腺动脉栓塞术能治疗因前列腺增生继发的恶性出血,且可缓解下尿路症状之后,该方法被越来越多的临床学者所接受,并积极探索该技术的实用性、安全性及有效性。目前,前列腺动脉栓塞术仍未成为良性前列腺增生症的标准疗法。本文将重点回顾关于前列腺动脉栓塞术的相关文献,包括个案、动物研究、回顾性或前瞻性队列研究等,对该技术进行总结。
关键词:良性前列腺增生;前列腺动脉栓塞术;介入放射学;下尿路症状
中图分类号:R697.3 文献标识码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2019.06.017
, http://www.100md.com
文章编号:1006-1959(2019)06-0048-04
Abstract:As a new radiological interventional technique, prostate artery embolization is used to treat patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia secondary to lower urinary tract symptoms. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a clinical condition common in middle-aged and elderly men. It often leads to typical lower urinary tract symptoms, including nocturia, frequent urination, urgency, decreased urinary flow rate, urinary fistula, incomplete emptying, etc. . Usually after the exclusion of tumors, inflammation, central nervous system diseases and other causes, mild to moderate urinary tract symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia are feasible observation therapy or drug treatment, and for patients with moderate to severe symptoms, surgery is recommended. Since the early accidental discovery of selective prostate artery embolization for the treatment of malignant hemorrhage secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia, and can alleviate the symptoms of lower urinary tract, this method has been accepted by more and more clinical scholars, and actively explore the technology. Practicality, safety and effectiveness. At present, prostate arterial embolization has not become the standard treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. This article will focus on reviewing relevant literature on prostate artery embolization, including case studies, animal studies, retrospective or prospective cohort studies, and summarize the technique.
, 百拇医药
Key words:Benign prostatic hyperplasia;Prostatic artery embolization;Interventional radiology; Lower urinary tract symptoms
下尿路癥状(lower urinary tract symptoms,LUTS)是一种常见临床病征,在40岁以上的男性中常见[1],表现为尿频、尿急、进行性排尿困难、尿潴留等储尿期症状及尿路变细及排尿中断、滴沥等排尿期症状及排尿后症状,与良性前列腺增生(benign prostate hyperplasia,BPH)引起的膀胱出口梗阻和刺激有关[2]。轻度LUTS治疗主要以调整生活方式为主,而中重度LUTS可从药物治疗中获益,如5α还原酶抑制剂、α受体阻滞剂、毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂、磷酸二酯酶抑制剂、植物制剂等[3]。对于继发难治性下尿路症状的前列腺肥大患者,则主要采用前列腺手术治疗为主。经尿道前列腺电切术(transurithral resection of prostate,TURP)是金标准,但其术后有一些潜在的并发症,包括TURP综合征(生理盐水灌注导致的电解质紊乱)、急性尿潴留、泌尿道感染、膀胱颈痉挛、尿道狭窄、逆行射精、勃起功能障碍、尿失禁及出血等[4]。而对于极其巨大的前列腺增生患者来说,开放性前列腺手术(open prostatectomy,OP)则是其一线治疗方案,但术后住院时间会相对延长[5],并出现泌尿道感染、尿失禁、尿道狭窄、膀胱颈痉挛等并发症,更有可能出现大出血需要输血治疗,严重时会引起患者死亡[3]。基于以上几点,临床亟待需要侵入性更小的手术治疗方案,TURP的替代方案如像经尿道微波热疗(TUMT)、经尿道针刺消融术(TUNA)、经尿道激光气化术(PVP)、尿道前列腺悬提术(PUL)等。OP的替代方案有经尿道激光前列腺剜除术(HoLRP)、腹腔镜或机器人辅助地前列腺切除术等。近年来,前列腺动脉栓塞术(prostatic artery embolization,PAE)异军突起,作为一种新兴的、安全且有效的手术替代方案治疗继发LUTS的BPH患者[6]。与其他手术方案对比,其优势在于:侵入性降到最小、无需住院、术后康复时间短、出现严重并发症的风险低。然而,尽管有着可靠的数据支持着这项有前景的技术,但PAE尚未成为BPH继发LUTS患者的标准治疗方案之一,依然需要更进一步的研究予以支持。本文旨在回顾该技术的渊源、发展历程、疗效,并对既往发表的个案报道、动物实验、回顾性或前瞻性队列研究等进行总结。, 百拇医药(回顾 谭宏宇 祝清国)
关键词:良性前列腺增生;前列腺动脉栓塞术;介入放射学;下尿路症状
中图分类号:R697.3 文献标识码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2019.06.017
, http://www.100md.com
文章编号:1006-1959(2019)06-0048-04
Abstract:As a new radiological interventional technique, prostate artery embolization is used to treat patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia secondary to lower urinary tract symptoms. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a clinical condition common in middle-aged and elderly men. It often leads to typical lower urinary tract symptoms, including nocturia, frequent urination, urgency, decreased urinary flow rate, urinary fistula, incomplete emptying, etc. . Usually after the exclusion of tumors, inflammation, central nervous system diseases and other causes, mild to moderate urinary tract symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia are feasible observation therapy or drug treatment, and for patients with moderate to severe symptoms, surgery is recommended. Since the early accidental discovery of selective prostate artery embolization for the treatment of malignant hemorrhage secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia, and can alleviate the symptoms of lower urinary tract, this method has been accepted by more and more clinical scholars, and actively explore the technology. Practicality, safety and effectiveness. At present, prostate arterial embolization has not become the standard treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. This article will focus on reviewing relevant literature on prostate artery embolization, including case studies, animal studies, retrospective or prospective cohort studies, and summarize the technique.
, 百拇医药
Key words:Benign prostatic hyperplasia;Prostatic artery embolization;Interventional radiology; Lower urinary tract symptoms
下尿路癥状(lower urinary tract symptoms,LUTS)是一种常见临床病征,在40岁以上的男性中常见[1],表现为尿频、尿急、进行性排尿困难、尿潴留等储尿期症状及尿路变细及排尿中断、滴沥等排尿期症状及排尿后症状,与良性前列腺增生(benign prostate hyperplasia,BPH)引起的膀胱出口梗阻和刺激有关[2]。轻度LUTS治疗主要以调整生活方式为主,而中重度LUTS可从药物治疗中获益,如5α还原酶抑制剂、α受体阻滞剂、毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂、磷酸二酯酶抑制剂、植物制剂等[3]。对于继发难治性下尿路症状的前列腺肥大患者,则主要采用前列腺手术治疗为主。经尿道前列腺电切术(transurithral resection of prostate,TURP)是金标准,但其术后有一些潜在的并发症,包括TURP综合征(生理盐水灌注导致的电解质紊乱)、急性尿潴留、泌尿道感染、膀胱颈痉挛、尿道狭窄、逆行射精、勃起功能障碍、尿失禁及出血等[4]。而对于极其巨大的前列腺增生患者来说,开放性前列腺手术(open prostatectomy,OP)则是其一线治疗方案,但术后住院时间会相对延长[5],并出现泌尿道感染、尿失禁、尿道狭窄、膀胱颈痉挛等并发症,更有可能出现大出血需要输血治疗,严重时会引起患者死亡[3]。基于以上几点,临床亟待需要侵入性更小的手术治疗方案,TURP的替代方案如像经尿道微波热疗(TUMT)、经尿道针刺消融术(TUNA)、经尿道激光气化术(PVP)、尿道前列腺悬提术(PUL)等。OP的替代方案有经尿道激光前列腺剜除术(HoLRP)、腹腔镜或机器人辅助地前列腺切除术等。近年来,前列腺动脉栓塞术(prostatic artery embolization,PAE)异军突起,作为一种新兴的、安全且有效的手术替代方案治疗继发LUTS的BPH患者[6]。与其他手术方案对比,其优势在于:侵入性降到最小、无需住院、术后康复时间短、出现严重并发症的风险低。然而,尽管有着可靠的数据支持着这项有前景的技术,但PAE尚未成为BPH继发LUTS患者的标准治疗方案之一,依然需要更进一步的研究予以支持。本文旨在回顾该技术的渊源、发展历程、疗效,并对既往发表的个案报道、动物实验、回顾性或前瞻性队列研究等进行总结。, 百拇医药(回顾 谭宏宇 祝清国)