夏枯草不同超声时间后熊果酸和齐墩果酸的含量变化(1)
摘要：目的测定并分析夏枯草不同超声时间后其同分异构体熊果酸和齐墩果酸的含量变化。方法采用Thermo Acclaim C30(150 mm×21 mm，3 μm)，流动相为乙腈-02%乙酸水溶液(85：15)，等度洗脱，检测波长205 nm，柱温18℃，流速为03 mL/min，测定熊果酸、齐墩果酸的含量变化。结果夏枯草中熊果酸在08～48 μg范围内呈线性关系，相关系数达到09997;齐墩果酸在096～576 μg范围内呈线性关系，相关系数为09995。夏枯草中的熊果酸及齐墩果酸在超声时间为60 min时含量均最高。结论本实验以超声时间对夏枯草中同分异构体熊果酸和齐墩果酸含量的变化做出研究，随着超声时间的延长，两者含量均逐步升高，这为夏枯草中部分五环三萜类成分的提取、分离、鉴定、制备提供一定的参考。
关键词：夏枯草;熊果酸;齐墩果酸;同分异构体
中图分类号：R9272文献标志码：A文章编号：1007-2349(2019)11-0074-04
Content Changes of Ursolic Acid and Oleanolic Acid in Prunella vulgaris L. after Different Ultrasonic Time
XIANG Run-qing1， HUANG Kuan1， ZHANG Yan-jiao1， FAN Yuan2
(1. School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica， Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Kunming 650500， China; 2. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Kunming 650216， China)
【Abstract】Objective： To determine and analyze the content changes of isomers ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in Prunella vulgaris L. after different ultrasonic time. Methods： Thermo Acclaim C30 (150 mm × 2.1 mm， 3 μm) was used and mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.2% aqueous acetic acid (85：15)， with isocratic elution， detection wavelength 205 nm， column temperature 18° C and flow rate 0.3 mL/min. The content changes of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid was determined. Results： The ursolic acid in Prunella vulgaris L. showed a linear relationship in the range of 0.8 to 4.8 μg， and the correlation coefficient was 0.9997. The oleanolic acid showed a linear relationship in the range of 0.96 to 5.76 μg， and the correlation coefficient was 0.9995. The content of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in Prunella vulgaris was highest at 60 min. Conclusion： In this experiment， the content changes of the isomers ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in Prunella vulgaris L. were studied by ultrasonic time. With the prolongation of ultrasonic time， the content of both were gradually increased. The study provides a certain reference for the extraction， separation， identification and preparation of some of the five-ring triterpenoids.
【Key words】Prunella vulgaris L.， ursolic acid， oleanolic acid， isomeride
夏枯草為唇形科(Lamiaceae)植物夏枯草Prunella vulgaris L的干燥果穗，始载于《神农本草经》，主要分布于云南、四川、贵州、湖北、湖南等地，其中硬毛夏枯草主产于云南，且被《云南省药品标准》收载。夏枯草味苦、辛，性寒，归肝、胆经，具有清火、明目、消肿、散结等功效，常用于治疗目珠夜痛、目赤肿痛、头痛眩晕、瘿瘤、瘰疬、乳癖、乳痈、乳房胀痛等病症[1]。现代药理学研究表明夏枯草具有降糖[2]、降压[3]、抗菌消炎、免疫调节作用[4]、抗氧化作用[5]、抗肿瘤、抑制病毒生长等[6-7]多种药理作用，对目赤肿痛、畏光流泪、目珠夜痛、头晕目眩、瘰疬、瘿瘤、乳腺癌、高血压、淋巴结核、浸润性肺结核、单纯性甲状腺肿、腮腺炎、急性黄疸型传染性肝炎等多种疾病均有良好的临床治疗效果[8-9]。夏枯草中主要含有三萜及其苷类、甾醇及其苷类、黄酮类、香豆素、苯丙素、有机酸、挥发油及糖类等成分，其中以三萜类成分为主，主要类型为齐墩果烷型、乌苏烷型和羽扇豆烷型，以齐墩果酸和熊果酸含量最高[10]。熊果酸与齐墩果酸互为同分异构体，分子式均为C30H48O3，熊果酸分子量：45668 g/moL，齐墩果酸分子量：45671 g/moL，二者的化学结构区别在于熊果酸在19和20位碳原子上各有一个甲基，而齐墩果酸的20位碳原子上有2个甲基，在19位碳原子上无甲基。因此，两种天然化合物的理化性质相似(两者结构式见图1)。, 百拇医药(向润清 黄宽 张艳娇)
关键词：夏枯草;熊果酸;齐墩果酸;同分异构体
中图分类号：R9272文献标志码：A文章编号：1007-2349(2019)11-0074-04
Content Changes of Ursolic Acid and Oleanolic Acid in Prunella vulgaris L. after Different Ultrasonic Time
XIANG Run-qing1， HUANG Kuan1， ZHANG Yan-jiao1， FAN Yuan2
(1. School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica， Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Kunming 650500， China; 2. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Kunming 650216， China)
【Abstract】Objective： To determine and analyze the content changes of isomers ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in Prunella vulgaris L. after different ultrasonic time. Methods： Thermo Acclaim C30 (150 mm × 2.1 mm， 3 μm) was used and mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.2% aqueous acetic acid (85：15)， with isocratic elution， detection wavelength 205 nm， column temperature 18° C and flow rate 0.3 mL/min. The content changes of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid was determined. Results： The ursolic acid in Prunella vulgaris L. showed a linear relationship in the range of 0.8 to 4.8 μg， and the correlation coefficient was 0.9997. The oleanolic acid showed a linear relationship in the range of 0.96 to 5.76 μg， and the correlation coefficient was 0.9995. The content of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in Prunella vulgaris was highest at 60 min. Conclusion： In this experiment， the content changes of the isomers ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in Prunella vulgaris L. were studied by ultrasonic time. With the prolongation of ultrasonic time， the content of both were gradually increased. The study provides a certain reference for the extraction， separation， identification and preparation of some of the five-ring triterpenoids.
【Key words】Prunella vulgaris L.， ursolic acid， oleanolic acid， isomeride
夏枯草為唇形科(Lamiaceae)植物夏枯草Prunella vulgaris L的干燥果穗，始载于《神农本草经》，主要分布于云南、四川、贵州、湖北、湖南等地，其中硬毛夏枯草主产于云南，且被《云南省药品标准》收载。夏枯草味苦、辛，性寒，归肝、胆经，具有清火、明目、消肿、散结等功效，常用于治疗目珠夜痛、目赤肿痛、头痛眩晕、瘿瘤、瘰疬、乳癖、乳痈、乳房胀痛等病症[1]。现代药理学研究表明夏枯草具有降糖[2]、降压[3]、抗菌消炎、免疫调节作用[4]、抗氧化作用[5]、抗肿瘤、抑制病毒生长等[6-7]多种药理作用，对目赤肿痛、畏光流泪、目珠夜痛、头晕目眩、瘰疬、瘿瘤、乳腺癌、高血压、淋巴结核、浸润性肺结核、单纯性甲状腺肿、腮腺炎、急性黄疸型传染性肝炎等多种疾病均有良好的临床治疗效果[8-9]。夏枯草中主要含有三萜及其苷类、甾醇及其苷类、黄酮类、香豆素、苯丙素、有机酸、挥发油及糖类等成分，其中以三萜类成分为主，主要类型为齐墩果烷型、乌苏烷型和羽扇豆烷型，以齐墩果酸和熊果酸含量最高[10]。熊果酸与齐墩果酸互为同分异构体，分子式均为C30H48O3，熊果酸分子量：45668 g/moL，齐墩果酸分子量：45671 g/moL，二者的化学结构区别在于熊果酸在19和20位碳原子上各有一个甲基，而齐墩果酸的20位碳原子上有2个甲基，在19位碳原子上无甲基。因此，两种天然化合物的理化性质相似(两者结构式见图1)。, 百拇医药(向润清 黄宽 张艳娇)