广州市城区儿童超重,肥胖与血压关系研究(1)
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【摘 要】 目的: 分析儿童超重、肥胖与血压之间的关系，为高血压的早期预防提供科学依据。方法: 采用整群抽样调查方法, 从广州市越秀区两所小学中共抽取1036名6～12岁小学生,对小学生进行身高、体重和血压测量，按照中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)推荐的中国儿童青少年超重、肥胖分类标准建议，参照2000年中国学生体质健康研究制定的各年龄组血压百分位数中城市男女生收缩压(SBP)与舒张压(DBP)百分位数[5]筛查血压偏高儿童，对资料完整的调查对象1027名进行分析。结果 :城区儿童超重检出率为12.4%，肥胖检出率为6.9%；男生超重检出率为15.1%，肥胖检出率为8.9%；女生超重检出率为9.5%,肥胖检出率为4.8%，男生的超重、肥胖检出率明显高于女生，差别有统计学意义(χ2超重=9.109,χ2肥胖=8.089,P<0.01)。城区儿童血压偏高检出率19.7%，男性为18.7%，女性为20.7%，肥胖儿童以收缩压偏高为特点；随着超重程度增加，儿童收缩压偏高(HSBP)、舒张压(HDBP)偏高、血压偏高(HBP)的检出率均随着上升，差别有统计学意义(趋势χ2hsbp=41.9、趋势χ2hdbp=24.2、趋势χ2hbp=41.8，P<0.001)。结论 :儿童肥胖和血压呈正相关，应普及卫生保健知识,建立并完善健康检查制度,控制儿童体重以降低患高血压的风险。
【关键词 】儿童 ;血压偏高 ;体重指数 ;超重 肥胖
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the relationship between blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) in children, so as to provide scientific evidence for early prevention of hypertension. Method A cross-sectional survey with cluster sampling was carried out in Guangzhou, 1036 pupils aged from 6 to 11 were selected as subjects, their stature﹑bodyweight and blood pressure were measured. The category criterion of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents of China was recommended by WGOC High blood pressure in children was diagnosed according to the report on the physical fitness and health surveillance of Chinese school students in 2000. A total of 1027 qualified students were analyzed. Results In urban area, prevalence rate of overweight and obesity in children were 15.1% and 8.9%. Among the boys, prevalence rate of overweight and obesity were 15.1% and 8.9%. Among the girls, prevalence rate of overweight and obesity were 9.5% and 4.8%.The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity among boys were significantly higher than those of girls. The prevalence rate of high blood pressure was 19.7% (18.7% for boys, 20.7% for girls), the high systolic blood pressure was the major character in obese children. There was a significant difference that prevalence rate of high systolic blood pressure in children was increased with BMI increasing, as well as Prevalence rate of Diastolic blood pressure and high blood pressure(trend chi-squareχ2HSBP =41 ......
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