儿童白癜风378例临床分析
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[摘要]目的：通过分析378例儿童白癜风的临床资料，了解儿童白癜风的临床特点。方法：采取调查问卷方式收集378例儿童白癜风门诊患者临床资料并进行整理、统计分析。结果：儿童患者共378例，其中男183例(48.2%)，女195例(51.8%)，平均年龄为(9.56±2.21)岁，平均病程为(20.0±22.08)个月，平均发病年龄为(7.69±2.31)岁，局限性白癜风多见，好发季节为夏季，43例(11.4%)有家族史，262例(69.3%)处于进展期，18例(4.8%)伴有晕痣，偏食56例(14.8%)、外伤史22例(5.8%)、精神因素16例(4.2%)是儿童白癜风主要的诱发因素，城乡患儿发病率有显著性差异(P<0.05)，伴发自身免疫性疾病少见。结论：儿童型白癜风可能是一种特殊类型的白癜风。
[关键词]白癜风；儿童；流行病学
[中图分类号]R758.4+1 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1008-6455(2011)06-0957-02
Clinical features of 378 cases of childhood vitiligo
JIANG Xiao-yin,YUAN Jiang,SHEN Bin,WANG Wen-juan
(Derma-venereal Department,The Firsi People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou423000，Hunan,China)
Abstract：Objective The clinical data of 378 childhood vitiligo patients were analyzed in this study in order to understand the clinical characteris tics of vitiligo in children. Methods Questionnaires have been used to collect the clinical data on 378 cases childhood vitiligo patient for statistical analysis.ResultsOf the 378 children 183(48.2%) were boys and 195(51.8%) were girls. The mean age of the disease was (9.56±2.21) years. The mean age of onset of the disease was (7.69±2.31) years. The most common clinical type was localized type; the common season of onset was summer; 43 cases (11.4%) had family history, 262 patients (69.3%) are in advanced stage, 18 cases (4.8%) with halo nevus, 56 cases of partial eclipse (14.8%), history of trauma in 22 cases (5.8%), psychological factors 16 cases (4.2%) were the main triggers of children with vitiligo, There were significantly different in the incidence of rural and urban children(P<0.05), but combined autoimmune diseases were rare.ConclusionChildhood vitiligo may is distinct type of vitiligo.
Key words：vitiligo;childhood; epidemiology
白癜风是皮肤科常见的色素障碍性皮肤病，易诊难治。国内外关于白癜风的临床及流行病特点的报道较多，但关于儿童白癜风则较少。现将我科2005年1月～2009年12月确诊的378例儿童白癜风病历资料分析报道如下。
1资料和方法
1.1 研究对象：378例儿童白癜风患者均来自门诊患者，该调查及诊断都由皮肤性病科专科医师完成。
1.2 诊断及分型：以2004年中国中西医结合皮肤性病学会色素性皮肤病学组制订的标准作为白癜风的诊断依据。发病年龄≤12岁为儿童型白癜风。按白斑的形态、部位、范围分为寻常型及节段型，其中寻常型又分为局限性、散发性、泛发性、肢端性；按白癜风的病期分为进展期、稳定期[1] ......
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