球周麻醉在下睑眼袋整复术中的应用(1)
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[摘要]目的:探讨在眼袋整复术中合理有效地眶脂切除麻醉方法。方法:在打开眶隔或眼睑囊筋膜前,采用不同于眼科的特殊的球周麻醉,既有效的麻醉了下睑眶脂感觉神经,又增加眶脂容积压力,有助于眶隔脂肪的释放切除。结果:观察78例(156眼),其中行皮肤入路者56例,结膜入路者22例。取脂过程中患者疼痛减轻,取脂更为简便。随访6个月~1年,77例未见眼袋复现,1例有轻微复眼袋复现。结论:在眼袋整复术中,采用特殊的球周麻醉方法应用于眶脂切除效果良好。
[关键词]眼袋整复术;眶隔脂肪;球周麻醉
[中图分类号]R622 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1008-6455(2012)04-0556-03
Joint application of retrobulbar block anesthesia and peribulbar tumescent anesthesia in lower blepharoplasty
XIAO Xiang-yuan,LI Dong,ZHOU Xiang,MO Hai-yan ,WEI Jie
(The Center of Plastic and Aestheti Surgery,Fiist Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530007,Guangxi,China)
Abstract: Objective To introduce an effective anesthesia technique for orbital fat removal in lower blepharoplasty. Methods Before opening orbital septum or capsulopalpebral fascia, with the application of special peribulbar anesthesia differentiated from traditional peribulbar tumescent anesthesia in lower blepharoplasty,the sensory nerve of orbital fat were effective anesthetized,and the volume pressure in orbit rose. Orbital fat could be removal more easily. Results 78 cases (156 eyes) were observed,of which 56 skin incisal cases and 22 transconjunctival cases. The pain when orbital fat were removed was alleviated.And orbital fat removal was facilitated. After 6~12 months'follow-up,no eye bag reappeared except 1 case. Conclusions The application of special peribulbar anesthesia in lower blepharoplasty could make orbital fat removal more effective.
Key words:blepharoplasty; orbital fat; peribulbar anesthesia
下睑眼袋整复术是眼部美容手术中最常见的的一类手术,眼袋根据其类型不同选择的术式有所不同,但绝大多数眼袋整复手术的过程当中都涉及到去除部分眶隔脂肪,我科在去除眶脂的过程中采用一种特殊的眶脂麻醉的方法,效果良好,现报道如下。
1 临床资料
2007年7月~2008年2月行下睑眼袋整复者78例(共156眼),其中行皮肤入路者56例,结膜入路者22例。女性76人,男性2人,年龄20~56岁,平均年龄41岁,临床随访6个月~1年。
2 手术方法
2.1 肿胀麻醉液:1%利多卡因(肾上腺素1∶20万)溶液。
2.2 手术过程
2.2.1 皮肤入路眼袋整复术中应用方法(如图1):按常规皮肤入路方法切开皮肤显露眼轮匝肌后,用手触及眶下缘、眶外缘、泪前嵴等解剖结构位置。以40mm长5号针头为注药针:①先以眼裂正中线贴下眶缘处的眼轮匝肌表面为进针点,与法兰克福平面成60°角,平行于矢状面进针,进针过程遇眶下壁密质骨的抵抗感后,稍减少与法兰克福平面所成角度,使针贴下眶壁平面走行,总进针深度约1cm回抽针芯未见回血后注入1ml麻醉用药;②再以泪骨前嵴中点内侧5mm处眼轮轧肌表面为进针点,平行法兰克福平面,与正中矢状面成约30°角向内进针,进针遇眶内壁密质骨抵抗感后,稍减小与矢状面成角,使针头可贴眶内壁走行,总进针深度约1cm回抽针芯未见回血后注入麻醉用药1ml;③最后在贴眶下缘与眶外侧缘交汇处眼轮匝肌表面,垂直冠状平面进针,遇眶骨抵抗感后,改为向上与法兰克福平面成约15°角、向内与正中矢状面成约45度角进针,对准球后正中方向,贴眶外侧壁骨面进针约4cm回抽针芯未见回血,针向两侧摆动约10度角呈扇形注入麻醉用药2ml;④打开眼轮匝肌及眶隔膜,即可见眶脂自行溢出,依次分别去除中、内、外三组脂肪团部分脂肪 ......
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