[摘 要] 骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折是老年患者常见疾病，常严重影响老年患者的生活质量，保守治疗主要以卧床为主，这就形成了骨质疏松-骨折-卧床-加重骨质疏松的恶性循环，长期卧床除了进一步加重骨质疏松外，易导致坠积性肺炎，下肢深静脉血栓，泌尿系感染，肺栓塞等一系列致命的并发症。随着脊柱外科经后路椎弓根内固定技术和椎体增强技术以及医学基础、相关学科及工业技术的发展，脊柱外科领域的许多基本概念、诊断标准、治疗理念和治疗方法不断完善。特别是近二十年来，脊柱外科诊断治疗水平的取得巨大进步。

    [关键词] 骨质疏松；胸腰椎骨折；外科治疗

    [Abstract] Bone loose sexual chest lumbar fracture is old patients common disease, often serious effect old patients of life quality, conservative treatment main to bed mainly, this on formed has bone loose-fracture-bed-increased bone loose of vicious circle, long-term bed apart from further increased bone loose outside, easy led falling product sexual pneumonia, lower limb deep vein thrombosis, urinary Department infection, Lung embolism, series of fatal of complications. Spine surgery through posterior approach vertebral pedicle internal fixation and vertebral body enhancement technology, and medical Foundation, related disciplines and industrial technology development, many basic concepts in the field of spinal surgery, diagnostic criteria and treatment philosophy and treatment methods for continuous improvement. ......