关于欺负行为中旁观者的研究述评(3)
[5]Salmivalli C， Lagerspetz K， Bj?rkqvist K， ?sterman K， et al. Bullying as a group process： Participant roles and their relations to social status within the group[J]. Aggressive Behavior， 1996， 22(1)： 1-15.
[6]Obermann M L. Moral disengagement among bystanders to school bullying[J]. Journal of School Violence， 2011， 10(3)： 239-257.
[7]Latané B， Darley J M. The unresponsive bystander： Why doesn't he help？[J]. American Scientist， 1970， 3(643)： 69-75.
, http://www.100md.com
[8]Dovidio J F， Piliavin J A， Gaertner S L， et al. The arousal： Cost-reward model and the process of intervention： A review of the evidence[J]. Actualité Juridique Edition Droit Administratif， 1991， 12(4)： 888-892.
[9]Fischer P， Krueger J I， Greitemeyer T， et al. The bystander-effect： a meta-analytic review on bystander intervention in dangerous and non-dangerous emergencies[J]. Psychological Bulletin， 2011， 137(4)： 517-537.
[10]Tajfel H. Differentiation between social groups： Studies in the social psychology of intergroup relations[M]. Pittsburgh， US： Academic Press， 1978.
, 百拇医药
[11]Duffy A L， Nesdale D. Peer Groups， Social identity， and children's bullying behavior[J]. Social Development， 2009， 18(1)： 121-139.
[12]Levine M， Crowther S. The responsive bystander： How social group membership and group size can encourage as well as inhibit bystander intervention[J]. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology， 2008， 95(6)： 1429-1439.
[13]Lodge J， Frydenberg E. The role of peer bystanders in school bullying： positive steps toward promoting peaceful schools[J]. Theory Into Practice， 2005， 44(4)： 329-336.
, http://www.100md.com
[14]O'Connell P， Pepler D W. Peer involvement in bullying： Insights and challenges for intervention[J]. Journal of Adolescence， 1999， 22(4)： 437-452.
[15]Gini G， Pozzoli T， Borghi F， et al. The role of bystanders in students' perception of bullying and sense of safety[J]. Journal of School Psychology， 2008， 46(6)： 617-638.
[16]Thornberg R， Jungert T. Bystander behavior in bullying situations： basic moral sensitivity， moral disengagement and defender self-efficacy[J]. Journal of Adolescence， 2013， 36(3)： 475-483.
, 百拇医药
[17]Schwartz D， Dodge K A， Coie J D. The emergence of chronic peer victimization in boys' play groups[J]. Child Development， 1993， 64(6)： 1755-1772.
[18]Barchia K， Bussey K. Predictors of student defenders of peer aggression victims： Empathy and Social Cognitive Factors[J]. International Journal of Behavioral Development， 2011， 35(4)： 289-297., http://www.100md.com(何丹?滕妍君)
[6]Obermann M L. Moral disengagement among bystanders to school bullying[J]. Journal of School Violence， 2011， 10(3)： 239-257.
[7]Latané B， Darley J M. The unresponsive bystander： Why doesn't he help？[J]. American Scientist， 1970， 3(643)： 69-75.
, http://www.100md.com
[8]Dovidio J F， Piliavin J A， Gaertner S L， et al. The arousal： Cost-reward model and the process of intervention： A review of the evidence[J]. Actualité Juridique Edition Droit Administratif， 1991， 12(4)： 888-892.
[9]Fischer P， Krueger J I， Greitemeyer T， et al. The bystander-effect： a meta-analytic review on bystander intervention in dangerous and non-dangerous emergencies[J]. Psychological Bulletin， 2011， 137(4)： 517-537.
[10]Tajfel H. Differentiation between social groups： Studies in the social psychology of intergroup relations[M]. Pittsburgh， US： Academic Press， 1978.
, 百拇医药
[11]Duffy A L， Nesdale D. Peer Groups， Social identity， and children's bullying behavior[J]. Social Development， 2009， 18(1)： 121-139.
[12]Levine M， Crowther S. The responsive bystander： How social group membership and group size can encourage as well as inhibit bystander intervention[J]. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology， 2008， 95(6)： 1429-1439.
[13]Lodge J， Frydenberg E. The role of peer bystanders in school bullying： positive steps toward promoting peaceful schools[J]. Theory Into Practice， 2005， 44(4)： 329-336.
, http://www.100md.com
[14]O'Connell P， Pepler D W. Peer involvement in bullying： Insights and challenges for intervention[J]. Journal of Adolescence， 1999， 22(4)： 437-452.
[15]Gini G， Pozzoli T， Borghi F， et al. The role of bystanders in students' perception of bullying and sense of safety[J]. Journal of School Psychology， 2008， 46(6)： 617-638.
[16]Thornberg R， Jungert T. Bystander behavior in bullying situations： basic moral sensitivity， moral disengagement and defender self-efficacy[J]. Journal of Adolescence， 2013， 36(3)： 475-483.
, 百拇医药
[17]Schwartz D， Dodge K A， Coie J D. The emergence of chronic peer victimization in boys' play groups[J]. Child Development， 1993， 64(6)： 1755-1772.
[18]Barchia K， Bussey K. Predictors of student defenders of peer aggression victims： Empathy and Social Cognitive Factors[J]. International Journal of Behavioral Development， 2011， 35(4)： 289-297., http://www.100md.com(何丹?滕妍君)