352例70岁以上冠心病病人的介入治疗临床特点分析(2)
高龄患者介入治疗的并发症和死亡率高于年轻人[3],因血管弥漫性病变较多,钙化严重,血管脆性大,球囊扩张时易出现内膜的撕裂,发生急性闭塞和急性及亚急性血栓形成,故指引导管尽可能选用小直径,避免损伤冠脉开口。
合并心、肾功能不全者较多,分别占13.9%和6.8%。对可以择期手术病人应当先进行药物治疗,待心功能好转时再进行,以提高手术成功率,降低危险因素。术中控制输液速度和输液量,球囊扩张阻断时间一般不超过1 min。对伴有不同程度肾功能减退者,应控制造影剂用量或应用等渗造影剂,术后必要时应用呋塞米。
溶栓治疗对高龄ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死病人,出血并发症的发生率明显增高[4],而高龄AMI病人行PCI 效果明显优于静脉溶栓治疗[5]。本组病人行急诊介入治疗,梗死相关血管开通率100.0%,只有2例病人术后因心衰加重死亡,说明急诊介入手术治疗高龄AMI是安全、有效的。
参考文献:
[1] Bhalli MA,Kayani AM,Samore NA.Frequency of risk factors in male patients with acute coronary syndrome[J].J Coll Physicians Surg Pak,2011,21(5):271275.
[2] AlLamee R,Ielasi A,Latib A,et al.Incidence,predictors,management,immediate and longterm outcomes following grade Ⅲ coronary perforation[J].JACC Cardiovasc Interv,2011,4(1):8795.
[3] Iversen AZ,Galatius S,Pedersen S,et al.Impact of abciximab in elderly patients with highrisk acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention:An observational registry study[J].Drugs Aging,2011,28(5):369378.
[4] Frster A,Szabo K,Kreisel S,et al.Thrombolysis in very old people with stroke:Stroke subtypes,patterns,complications,and clinical outcome[J].J Am Geriatr Soc,2011,59(1):178180.
[5] Tsui W,Pierre K,Massel D.Patient reperfusion preferences in acute myocardial infarction:Mortality versus stroke,benefits versus costs,high technology versus drugs[J].Can J Cardiol,2005,21(5):423431.
作者简介:朱素娟(1966—),女,副主任医师,现工作于山东省章丘市人民医院(邮编:250200);于伟、张锋,工作于山东省章丘市人民医院。
(收稿日期:20120325)
(本文编辑郭怀印), http://www.100md.com(朱素娟 于伟 张锋)
合并心、肾功能不全者较多,分别占13.9%和6.8%。对可以择期手术病人应当先进行药物治疗,待心功能好转时再进行,以提高手术成功率,降低危险因素。术中控制输液速度和输液量,球囊扩张阻断时间一般不超过1 min。对伴有不同程度肾功能减退者,应控制造影剂用量或应用等渗造影剂,术后必要时应用呋塞米。
溶栓治疗对高龄ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死病人,出血并发症的发生率明显增高[4],而高龄AMI病人行PCI 效果明显优于静脉溶栓治疗[5]。本组病人行急诊介入治疗,梗死相关血管开通率100.0%,只有2例病人术后因心衰加重死亡,说明急诊介入手术治疗高龄AMI是安全、有效的。
参考文献:
[1] Bhalli MA,Kayani AM,Samore NA.Frequency of risk factors in male patients with acute coronary syndrome[J].J Coll Physicians Surg Pak,2011,21(5):271275.
[2] AlLamee R,Ielasi A,Latib A,et al.Incidence,predictors,management,immediate and longterm outcomes following grade Ⅲ coronary perforation[J].JACC Cardiovasc Interv,2011,4(1):8795.
[3] Iversen AZ,Galatius S,Pedersen S,et al.Impact of abciximab in elderly patients with highrisk acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention:An observational registry study[J].Drugs Aging,2011,28(5):369378.
[4] Frster A,Szabo K,Kreisel S,et al.Thrombolysis in very old people with stroke:Stroke subtypes,patterns,complications,and clinical outcome[J].J Am Geriatr Soc,2011,59(1):178180.
[5] Tsui W,Pierre K,Massel D.Patient reperfusion preferences in acute myocardial infarction:Mortality versus stroke,benefits versus costs,high technology versus drugs[J].Can J Cardiol,2005,21(5):423431.
作者简介:朱素娟(1966—),女,副主任医师,现工作于山东省章丘市人民医院(邮编:250200);于伟、张锋,工作于山东省章丘市人民医院。
(收稿日期:20120325)
(本文编辑郭怀印), http://www.100md.com(朱素娟 于伟 张锋)