【摘 要】目的：分析在学校开设儿童少年卫生学对常见病的预防作用及重要性。方法：将2016年9月-2017年6月本县开设儿童少年卫生学的6600名中小学学生分为观察组，将2015年12月-2016年8月本县未开设儿童少年卫生学的6500名中小学学生分为对照组，记录两组常见病检出率，分析儿童少年卫生学对学校常见病的预防作用。结果：对照组检出常见疾病(31.05%)明显比观察组高(19.48%)，有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：在学校开设儿童少年卫生学能提高学生对卫生常识的重视，有效降低常见病发生率，促进中小学生健康成长，值得在中学、小学大力推广。

    【关键词】学校；儿童少年卫生学；重要性；常见病预防

    Abstract Objective： To analysis the preventive effects and importance of children and juvenile hygienics for common diseases in school.Methods 6600 cases of Primary and Middle School Students who set up children and juvenile hygienics in our district from Sep 2016 to June 2017 were divided into the observation group. 6500 cases of Primary and Middle School Studentsin our district from Dec 2015 to Augf2016 who did not have children and juvenile hygienics were divided into the control group ......