[摘 要] 目的 分析自发性气胸的病因分布变化与转归。方法 回顾性分析凉山第二人民医院2002,01,01～2006,12,31收治的42例自发性气胸的临床特点。结果 42例气胸均经胸片或CT确诊。病因：肺结核12例(占28.6%)，肺大疱7例(占16.7%)，慢性支气管炎4例(占9.5%)，支气管哮喘1例(占2.4%)，18例存在肺部感染(占42.9%),其中15例为吸烟者(占35.7%)。转归：治愈18例(占42.9%)，好转20例(占47.6%)，未愈3例(占7.1%)，死亡1例(占2.4%)。复发7例(占16.7%)，多在2年内自发性气胸复发。 诱因 感染18例(占42.9%)，咳嗽2例(占4.8%)。结论 肺结核与肺大庖是自发性气胸最常见的病因，自发性气胸的发生多与吸烟和咳嗽有关，一部分患者合并感染，预后大多良好。

    关键词：气胸 病因 转归 相关性

    Clinical analysis of 42 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax in Liangshan Wang xue feng

    The Respiratory department of the 2nd Hospital Liangshan xichang sichuang China

    [Abstract] Objective To investigate the change of the cause and the results of spontaneous pneumothorax. Methods Retrospectively analyzed 42 patients of spontaneous pneumothorax who were hospitalized in the 2nd hospital of Liangshan from January 1st 2001 to December thirty-1st 2006. Results The causes were 12 pulmonary tuberculosis(28.6%), 7 bleb(16.7%), 4 chronic bronchitis(9.5%), 1 bronchial asthma(2.4%), 18 pulmonary infection disease(42.9%). Among them 15 smokers(35.7%). The results were 18 cured(42.9%), 20 been better(47.6%), 3 none effect(7.1%), 1 dead(2.4%). Conclusion pulmonary tuberculosis and bleb are the most important cause of spontaneous pneumothorax in Liangshan Xichang, some of them are smokers. The results is good most of all. ......