婴幼儿泪道阻塞的综合治疗和护理干预
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[摘要] 目的:探讨泪道阻塞患儿泪道探通的疗效和护理方法。方法:泪道阻塞患儿1 000例,随机分为护理干预组(观察组)500例,对照组500例。对照组实施泪道探通治疗,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上进行手术前后护理干预, 比较2组患儿的手术效果。结果:一次探通2组比较无显著性差异(χ2=2.75,P>0.05);观察组二次探通25例(5.0%)明显低于对照组50例(10.0%)(χ2=6.87,P<0.01)。结论:实施护理干预可以提高患儿泪道探通手术的效果。
[关键词] 泪道阻塞;泪道探通;婴幼儿;护理干预
[中图分类号] R777.2+2[文献标识码]C [文章编号]1673-7210(2009)02(b)-078-02
Nursing intervention of comprehensive treatment in infant with lacrimal duct obstruction
ZOU Fei-e, ZHUANG Zi-yan
(Department of Ophthalmonogy,Huizhou Central Hospital, Guangdong Province, Huizhou516001, China)
[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the nursing intervention of comprehensive treatment in infant with lacrimal duct obstruction. Methods: 1 000 cases were randomly divided into nursing intervention group (observation group) 500 cases and control group 500 cases. The control group from the treatment with lacrimal duct probing,the observeration group on the basis of the control group for nursing intervention before treatment and after treatment. Compared the curative effect of two groups. Results: The lacrimal duct probing of once heal in 2 groups have no significant difference(χ2=2.75,P>0.05); the second-lacrimal duct probing heal of 25 cases(5.0%)in observeration group were significantly lower than control group of 50 cases(10.0%)(χ2= 6.87,P<0.01). Conclusion: Nursing intervention can improve the effect of lacrimal duct probing in infant with lacrimal duct obstruction.
[Key words] Lacrimal duct obstruction; Lacrimal duct probing; Infant; Nursing intervention
婴幼儿泪囊炎是常见的眼病,约占婴幼儿眼病的5%~6%[1],主要表现为婴儿出生后不久患眼有眼泪溢出现象,部分有眼脓性分泌物。如不及时治疗或治疗不当,可能引起角膜感染、急性泪囊炎、泪囊瘘等。一般认为多数先天性鼻泪管阻塞可在出生后3~6个月自愈,或经泪囊挤压按摩、泪道冲洗等治愈。对于经泪囊挤压按摩、泪道冲洗逾期不愈或发展成为先天性泪囊炎的患儿,应及时给予恰当治疗。泪道加压冲冼和泪道探通是治疗先天性泪道阻塞行之有效的方法[2]。本文对1 000例婴幼儿泪囊炎患儿采用泪囊挤压按摩、泪道加压冲洗、泪道探通三种综合治疗和护理方法,并进行了追踪观察,获得良好的效果,现报道如下:
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料
收集2005年5月~2008年5月泪道阻塞患儿1 000例(男700例,女300例),年龄3个月~4岁,右眼456例,左眼425例,双眼119例。随机分为护理干预组(观察组)500例,对照组500例,2组泪道阻塞病情无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
1.2方法
对照组采用传统的泪道探通法,冲洗液为200 ml生理盐水中加注2支氯霉素眼药水,固定好患儿,选择泪道探针,探通针经下泪小点、泪小管到达泪囊,探针触及骨壁时,将探针轻轻旋转90°,慢慢向下推进,遇到膜性组织时会有破膜感,但不可强行推进,触及到鼻骨时,撤出,换取泪道冲洗针,推注冲洗液,药液充分冲洗泪道后无明显返流视为成功。观察组在对照组治疗的基础上进行手术前后护理干预。
1.3治愈标准[3]
①泪道冲洗通畅无阻力,无液体反流。②泪道冲洗有吞咽动作或同侧鼻孔有液体流出。③流泪、流脓消失,压迫泪囊区无黏脓性分泌物从泪点溢出。
1.4统计学处理
2组泪道阻塞患儿泪道探通后疗效比较采用χ2检验,P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义 ......
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