小儿高热惊厥与电解质、血糖水平关系的临床分析(1)
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[摘要] 目的:探讨高热惊厥发作时患儿血清电解质、血糖水平变化情况及与惊厥再发的关系。方法:回顾性分析我院2006~2009年住院患儿突发高热惊厥72例(FC组)及同期住院高热无惊厥患儿67例(对照组)的资料,对其血清电解质(钾、钠、氯、钙)及血糖水平的变化情况进行统计学分析。结果:FC组血钠、钙浓度明显低于对照组(P<0.01);而血糖水平则明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。FC组中,一次热程中惊厥发作≥2次者血钠、钙及血糖水平与惊厥发作1次者比较,有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:小儿FC存在低钠、低钙和高血糖。在常规治疗时应注意纠正电解质紊乱和高血糖等,以减少FC的复发,减轻脑组织和其他重要脏器的损害。
[关键词] 高热惊厥;血清电解质;血糖
[中图分类号] R720.597[文献标识码]A[文章编号]1673-7210(2009)08(a)-045-02
Clinical analysis of the relationship between the febrile convulsion and serum electrolytes, blood glucose levels in children
LI Jinchang, XU Jianmin
(Yunfu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yunfu527300, China)
[Abstract] Objective: To explore the relationship between the changes of serum electrolytes and blood glucose levels and the recurrence of febrile convulsion (FC) in children. Methods: The data of 72 cases of children with FC (FC group) and 67 cases of febrile children without convulsion(control group) hospitalized from 2006 to 2009 were analyzed.Then statistically analyzed the changes of serum electrolytes(kalium, natrium, chlorine, calcium) andbloodglucose levels. Results: The concentrations of natrium and calcium in FC group were obviously lower than that of the control group(P<0.01), but the blood glucose levels in FC group were obviously higher than that of the control group(P<0.01). There was a significant difference between the changes of natrium, calcium and blood glucose levels ofgroup of recurrence of FC≥2 and group of FC=1. Conclusion: There are hyponatremia, hyperglycemia and lowered blood calcium in patients with FC. Hence, for patients with FC, the disturbance of serum electrolytes andblood glucose need to be corrected to avoid the recurrence of FC and the progressive injury of important organs such as brain.
[Key words] Febrile convulsion; Serum electrolytes; Blood glucose
高热惊厥(febrile convulsion,FC)是儿科临床上常见的急症,其患病率为3%～5%,发病急,病情重,多数病例发生前无任何先兆,如不及时治疗并控制抽搐,可引起身体多器官、组织缺血低氧,尤其是脑缺血,从而导致多器官、组织不同程度的损害,甚至可产生严重的后遗症。本文通过对我院近3年来儿科住院诊治的72例高热惊厥患儿,进行了血清电解质(钾、钠、氯、钙)、血糖水平的测定,以探讨小儿热性惊厥与血清电解质、血糖水平变化之间的关系,为临床上诊治高热惊厥提供更有效、更完善的治疗方法,现报道如下:
1 资料与方法
1.1高热惊厥的诊断标准
初次发病年龄在1个月～6岁,在上呼吸道感染或其他感染性疾病的初期,当体温在38℃以上时突然出现惊厥,并排除颅内感染和其他导致惊厥的器质性或代谢性异常疾病,即可诊断为高热惊厥。 ......
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