高血压左室肥厚与窦性心律震荡(1)
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[摘要] 目的:探讨高血压左室肥厚以及进一步出现心力衰竭后窦性心律震荡的变化及临床意义。方法:将94例高血压患者按照是否合并左室肥厚和心力衰竭分为三组,分析三组之间震荡起始(TO)和震荡斜率(TS)变化。结果:与单纯高血压组相比,高血压左室肥厚组TO增加(P<0.05);合并心力衰竭组TO增加更显著、TS减低,差异均有高度统计学意义(三组TO和TS比较,均P<0.01)。结论:高血压左室肥厚,尤其是合并心力衰竭患者窦性心律震荡减弱。窦性心律震荡可应用于高血压心脏损害相关人群猝死危险的评价。
[关键词] 高血压;左心室肥厚;心力衰竭;窦性心律震荡
[中图分类号] R541.3[文献标识码]A [文章编号]1673-7210(2010)11(c)-023-02
Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy and heart rate turbulence
WAN Huaibin, TANG Liangqiu, JIANG Zhiping
(Department of Cardiology, Yuebei People′s Hospital of Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province, Shaoguan512026, China)
[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the change and significance of heart rate turbulence (HRT) in patients with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and cardiac insufficiency. Methods: 94 patients with essential hypertension were divided into 3 groups according to a merger of left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure, and then analysis of turbulence onset (TO) and turbulence slope (TS) changes among the groups. Results: With the progress of LVH and heart failure, TO increased (P<0.05) and TS decreased gradually, particularly in patients with heart failure (all P<0.01) compared with the single hypertension group. Conclusion: There are gradually reduced HRT in patients with hypertensive LVH, especially those with heart failure. TO and TS could be applied to people with hypertension-related heart damage, and assess the risk of sudden death.
[Key words] Hypertension; Left ventricular hypertrophy; Heart failure; Heart rate turbulence
左室肥厚是原发性高血压常见的靶器官损害之一,进一步发展可导致心力衰竭。高血压左室肥厚者室性心律失常的发生也显著增加[1]。窦性心律震荡现象(heart rate turbulence,HRT)最早用于心肌梗死后猝死风险的预测[2-3],近来也有学者将该项检测延伸到心肌病、心力衰竭、糖尿病等人群的预后评估[4-5]。本文观察HRT现象在高血压左室肥厚患者中的变化规律。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取我科2008年3月~2009年12月住院患者中符合原发性高血压诊断[6]的成人患者。排除糖尿病、恶性肿瘤、严重低蛋白血症、肝肾功能不全、脑血管意外、各种继发性高血压、高血压合并心力衰竭但无左室肥厚、非窦性基础心律如心房颤动、频发室性早搏且每个早搏后连续窦性心律不足20个等。共入选94例,其中,男42例,女52例;年龄42~82岁,平均67.40岁。根据血压水平、左室肥厚和是否存在心力衰竭等将其分为三组。A组:高血压无左室肥厚30例;B组:高血压+左室肥厚34例;C组:高血压+左室肥厚+心力衰竭30例。各组之间年龄差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2 方法
采用美国GE公司Vivid7彩色超声诊断仪评价心脏结构和功能。心脏向心性肥厚、室间隔(LVS)和左室后壁(LVPW)1.1 cm以上诊断为左室肥厚;同时测量左室舒张末期直径(LVD)和左室射血分数(LVEF) ......
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