早产儿支气管肺发育不良危险因素的探讨(1)
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[摘要] 目的：调查早产儿支气管肺发育不良(BPD)发病的危险因素，为其防治提供理论依据。方法：回顾性分析2006年1月～2010年12月在我院及昆明市儿童医院新生儿病房住院的早产儿430例，分析胎龄、出生体重等17种可能的相关因素与BPD的关系。结果：430例早产儿中，45例发生BPD，发病率为10.47%。单因素分析显示，母亲有胎膜早破、产道感染、产前应用糖皮质激素、患儿为试管婴儿、男婴、胎龄<32周、出生体重<1 500 g、出生时血pH<7.20、患有呼吸窘迫综合征、感染性肺炎、呼吸暂停、动脉导管开放、败血症、应用机械通气和肺泡表面活性物质治疗等为潜在危险因素。多因素分析显示：胎龄<32周、出生体重<1 500 g、感染性肺炎、动脉导管开放和机械通气等为BPD发病的独立危险因素。结论：早产儿BPD发病的潜在危险因素众多，其中胎龄<32周、出生体重<1 500 g、感染性肺炎、动脉导管开放和机械通气等为BPD发病的独立危险因素。
[关键词] 支气管肺发育不良；危险因素；早产儿
[中图分类号] R722.6 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1673-7210(2011)04(a)-052-03
Clinical study on risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants
LI Yuanbin1, WANG Aiping 2, LI Weidong1
1.Department of Pediatrics, the Affiliated Xiaolan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Zhongshan 528415, China; 2.Neonatal Department, the Children′s Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming 650100, China
[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants and provide a basis for its prevention and treatment. Methods: 430 premature infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) of Children′s Hospital of Kunming City and our hospital from January 2006 to December 2010 were investigated by a retrospective study. The relationship between 17 associated factors including gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW) and BPD were analyzed. Results: Among 430 cases of premature infants, there were 45 BPD cases with the incidence of 10.47%. The potential risk factors of BPD in univariate pearson′s Chi-Square test were premature rupture of membranes, genital tract infection， prenatal application of glucocorticoids, test-tube baby, male, GA<32 weeks, BW<1 500 g, blood pH at birth<7.20, respiratory distress syndrome, infectious pneumonia,apnea, Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA), sepsis, application of mechanical ventilation and pulmonary surfactant. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that GA<32 weeks, BW<1 500 g, infectious pneumonia, PDA, mechanical ventilation were the independent risk factors of BPD in premature infants. Conclusion: There are a lot of potential risk factors, among which GA<32 weeks, BW<1 500 g, infectious pneumonia, PDA, mechanical ventilation were the independent risk factors of BPD in premature infants ......
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