食蟹猴大规模痢疾流行暴发病因调查和疾病控制预防(1)
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[摘要] 目的：调查分析引起食蟹猴大规模痢疾暴发的原因，并制定切实可行的预防控制措施，为规模化实验动物养殖提供值得借鉴的经验。方法：对食蟹猴大规模痢疾流行暴发的养殖场进行实地调查，包括食蟹猴引进来源，运输隔离检疫，发病前后情况，饮食饮水，清洁卫生打扫，饲喂方式，猴场环境，发病症状，治疗预防措施，预后状况等方面进行调查分析，并对典型发病动物采集肛拭子培养分离鉴定，确定致病菌后对正在使用的治疗药品进行药敏试验，同时试验致病菌的其他敏感药物，为临床治疗用药提供指导，最终制定出疾病预防控制措施。结果：通过调查分析和实验室诊断，确定了引起该猴场痢疾大规模暴发的主要病原菌是一株致病性大肠埃希菌，并引起少量病例并发肺炎，另一种病原菌为肺炎克雷伯菌。该致病性大肠埃希菌为未知血清型，不与大肠杆菌Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ群血清凝集。依据调查、实验室诊断结果和2种病原菌对多种抗生素的药敏试验，重新制定了对应的治疗方案和预防措施，实施后逐步控制了疾病，达到了治疗效果。结论：致病性大肠埃希菌是导致本次食蟹猴大规模痢疾暴发流行的根本原因，肺炎克雷伯菌是引起少量食蟹猴肺炎的病原菌，使用药敏试验筛选出的药物和科学合理用药治疗是控制疾病的关键。同时新引进动物的隔离检疫和饲养人员实验动物疾病预防控制知识的提高对预防大规模疾病暴发有着重要的作用。
[关键词] 食蟹猴；致病性大肠埃希菌；肺炎克雷伯菌；药敏试验
[中图分类号] R184.3[文献标识码]C [文章编号]1673-7210(2011)04(a)-132-04
Investigation on etiopathogenisis and disease control in a large-scale dysenteria outbreak in cynomolgus
GAO Jiahong, TONG Pinfen, KUANG Dexuan, SUN Xiaomei, LUO Zhiwu, DAI Jiejie*
Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Kunming 650118, China
[Abstract] Objective: To investigate and analyze the causes of dysenteria outbreak in cynomolgus (macaca fascicularis) and to formulate practicable measures for controling the disease and to provide experience for large laboratory animal cultivation. Methods: We carried out On-site inspection in the nursery where dysenteria outbroke, including the origin of cynomolgus, transportation, quarantine, information of onset, diet and drinking, sanitation, feeding, environment, symptoms, treatment, prognosis. Anus swabs were collected in typical invasion animals to culture, separate and identify. After identifying of pathogenic bacteria, we simultaneously tested antibiotic susceptibilities on ongoing drugs and other susceptible drugs to direct clinical treatments and finally formulate measures to control the disease. Results: One enteropathogenic E ......
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