健康教育在降低骨科急诊患者石膏固定折断率中的研究(1)
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[摘要] 目的:探讨健康教育在降低骨科急诊患者石膏固定折断率中的作用。方法:选取从2008年1月~2010年12月在我院就诊的急诊骨伤行石膏固定的患者330例,随机分为健康教育组(165例)和对照组(165例)。对照组给予常规护理,健康教育组在常规护理基础上采取多手段的健康教育措施,观察两组石膏固定后的折断率。结果:两组在一般资料方面无统计学差异,健康教育组石膏固定折断率为10.91%,显著低于对照组的22.42%(χ2=7.876,P=0.005)。结论:健康教育可以明显降低骨科下肢损伤患者石膏固定后的折断率,并减轻患者的经济和精神负担。
[关键词] 健康教育;石膏固定;折断率
[中图分类号] R193 [文献标识码]A[文章编号]1673-7210(2011)08(a)-113-02
Study on the role of health education in broken rate of emergency patients with plaster immobilization
ZHANG Xiaoshuang, LIU Tingru, JU Baolan
Department of Orthopedics, The first Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the role of health education in broken rate of emergency patients with plaster immobilization. Methods: 330 patients with plaster immobilization were visited in emergency department from January 2008 to December 2010. They were divided randomly into health education group (165 cases) and control group (165 cases). The control group was used traditional nursing when the health education group was given health education besides traditional method. The broken rate was measured between two groups. Results: The general information of two groups has no statistical significance. The broken rate of health education group was significantly lower than than of control group (10.91% vs 22.42%) (χ2=7.876, P=0.005). Conclusion: Health education could not only reduce the broken rate of patients with plaster immobilization, but also relieve their economic and mental burden.
[Key words] Health education; Plaster immobilization; Broken rate
石膏固定是骨科急诊患者最常用的治疗措施之一,已广泛应用于骨折后、关节损伤复位后的固定[1]。石膏外固定后如果护理不善或未遵从医嘱,则可发生石膏折断,严重影响患者治疗效果。随着医学模式的转变和整体护理理念的全面普及,我院从2008年1月~2010年12月对330例急诊骨科石膏固定患者开展了针对性的健康教育,通过定期
随访,来探讨健康教育对骨科急诊患者石膏固定折断率的影响。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2008年1月~2010年12月在我院就诊的急诊骨伤、行石膏固定患者330例,随机将其分为健康教育组(165例)和对照组(165例)。其中,男210例,女120例;患者年龄18~55岁,平均(40.28±10.60)岁;文化程度:专科及以上125例,初中184例,小学及以下21例;受伤部位均为下肢损伤,膑骨骨折38例,胫骨骨折56例,腓骨骨折43例,踝关节损伤73例,足趾骨折120例;合并糖尿病44例,高血压65例,冠心病44例;石膏固定类型为长腿石膏托或短腿石膏托。所有患者均意识清晰,治疗前后能保持自制能力。两组在性别、年龄、文化程度、损伤部位及固定类型等方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。见表1。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 材料石膏是浙江安吉华埠实业有限公司出品的奥林王正骨矫形护理石膏(石膏绷带粘胶型),石膏棉纸是新乡市华西卫材有限公司的医用石膏棉纸,纱布绷带是北京康宇医疗器材有限公司的医用纱布绷带 ......
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