梅州市5岁以下儿童健康状况分析(1)
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[摘要] 目的：掌握梅州市5岁以下儿童健康现状，为进一步改善学龄前儿童健康水平提供科学依据。方法：采用流行病学横断面调查方法，整群随机抽取本市区30所托幼机构的12 928名5岁以下儿童，采用世界卫生组织(WTO)推荐使用的参考标准，对儿童健康状况进行分析和评价。结果：5岁以下儿童中、重度营养不良患病率为3.77%，男女差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；1岁以下婴儿营养不良患病率较低，1岁以后开始增高，组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；营养不良的类型以生长迟缓居多(44.56%)，其次是体重低下(40.04%)、消瘦(15.40%)；5岁以下儿童单纯性肥胖患病率为5.01%，男童检出率(5.53%)高于女童(4.45%)，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；5岁以下儿童贫血患病率为22.42%，男童贫血患病率(23.76%)高于女童(20.93%)，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：儿童健康状况值得关注，仍要加强儿童健康管理，加大科学宣传力度，培养儿童良好的生活习惯。
[关键词] 儿童；营养不良；肥胖；贫血
[中图分类号] R723[文献标识码] C[文章编号]1673-7210(2011)08(a)-141-03
Health condition analysis of children under the age of five in Meizhou city
ZHANG Qiuyun
Campus Hospital of Jiaying Colleges of Meizhou City, Guangdong Province, Meizhou 514015, China
[Abstract] Objective: To master the health status of children under 5 years old in Meizhou city, and to provide the scientific basis for further improvement of pre-school children's health level. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemic investigation method was used and a cluster random sampling of 12 928 cases of children under 5 years old among 30 kindergartens in the urban area was collected. The health status of the children was analyzed and evaluated referring to the standards recommended by the World Health Organization (WTO). Results: The prevalence rate of moderate and severe malnutrition of the children under 5 years old was 3.77%, and there was no significant difference between genders (P>0.05). The prevalence rate of malnutrition was lower among children younger than 1 year old, but higher among children older than 1 year old. There were significant differences between the two groups (P>0.01). The most common type of malnutrition was growth retardation (44.56%), followed by low body weight (40.04%), weight loss (15.40%). The prevalence rate of obese among children under 5 years old was 5.01%, and the detection rate of boys (5.53%) was higher than girls (4.45%) with significant differences (P<0 ......
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