舒适护理干预对COPD患者生活质量影响研究(1)
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[摘要] 目的：为提高慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者生活质量开展舒适护理并观察其对患者生活质量的改善作用。方法：将84例COPD患者作为本次研究对象，成立舒适护理小组。入院后首先对患者的情况进行评估，掌握患者基本信息，然后进行生理舒适、心理舒适、环境舒适、社会舒适4个方面的舒适护理干预，30 d为1个干预周期，连续干预60 d测评干预效果，即评价干预前后的整体生活质量改善情况。结果：舒适护理干预前后，生活质量各纬度总分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)，提示舒适护理干预后，患者的整体综合生活质量明显改善和提高。结论：COPD并发症多，病程迁延反复，采用舒适护理干预可减轻患者的身心痛苦，提高患者的生活质量。
[关键词] 慢性阻塞性肺疾病；舒适护理；生活质量
[中图分类号] R563.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2011)11(a)-130-02
Study of comfort care intervention influence on life quality of patients with COPD
DU Xiaoning
Department of Respiratory Medicine, South Tower Clinical Division, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
[Abstract] Objective: To improve the life quality of patients with COPD though comfort care and observe the effect. Methods: 84 cases of patients with COPD were selected as research objects, and the comfort care group was established in these patients. The condition was assessed after patients admission to hospital firstly, in order to master the basic information of patients. Then four parts comfort care intervention of physical comfort, psychological comfort, environmental comfort and social comfort were given to these patients, 30 d for a intervention cycle. Intervention effects, the overall life quality improvement situations before and after intervention were assessed after continuous comfortable care intervention 60 d. Results: Before and after the comfort care intervention, the life quality of each latitude scores were significant differences (all P<0.01), which prompted that after comfort care intervention, the patients' overall quality of life were improved significantly. Conclusion: COPD has more complications and repeated course of disease. Comfort care intervention can reduce the physical and psychological pain of patients and improve the quality life.
[Key words] COPD; Comfort care; Quality of life
慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者在我院呼吸内科患者中所占比例较大，该病除了具有反复发作、老年患者居多等特点外，许多患者还表现出逐年加重趋势，严重影响了患者的身心健康和整体生活质量[1]。因此，我院在开展整体护理的过程中，对COPD患者重点加强了舒适护理干预，对改善患者身心状态，提高患者的生活质量起到了良好作用。现报道如下：
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2009年6月~2010年6月我院呼吸内科收治住院的COPD患者84例，其中，男70例，女14例；年龄最小59岁，最大85岁，平均77岁。所有入选患者均符合2007年中华医学会呼吸病学分会制订的《慢性阻塞性肺疾病诊治指南》[2]的诊断标准。参与本次研究的患者或家属均知情并同意。智力障碍、昏迷患者不作为本次研究对象。
1.2 干预方法
首先在病区成立舒适护理小组，一是为了将舒适护理纳入到护理管理考评体系中，二是为了加强护理人员对舒适护理的认知和掌握；再进行生理舒适、心理舒适、环境舒适、社会舒适4个方面的舒适护理干预。
1.2.1 生理舒适护理干预 护理人员应从以下几方面满足患者的生理舒适需求：①由护士对患者的情况进行评估 ......
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