闭合复位经皮克氏针固定治疗Gartland Ⅲ型儿童肱骨髁上骨折(2)
[1]Lyons JP，Ashley E，Hoffer MM. Ulnar nerve palsies after percutaneous cross-pinning of supracondylar fractures in children's elbows [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，1998，18(1)：43-45.
[2]Skaggs DL，Hale JM，Bassett J，et al. Operative treatment of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children. The consequences of pin placement [J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am，2001，83(5)：735-740.
[3]France J，Strong M. Deformity and function in supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children variously treated by closed reduction and splinting，traction，and percutaneous pinning [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，1992， 12(4)：494-498.
, 百拇医药
[4]Topping RE，Blanco JS，Davis TJ. Clincal evaluation of crossed-pin versus lateral-pin fixation in displaced supracondylar humerus fractures [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，1995，15：435-439.
[5]Steven S，Andrew T，Doug M. Displaced pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures：biomechanical analysis of percutaneous pinning techniques [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，2002，22：440-443.
[6]Zionts LE，McKellop HA，Hathaway R. Torsional strength of pin configurations used to fix supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children [J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am，1994，76(2)：253-256.
, 百拇医药
[7]Lee SS，Mahar AT，Miesen D，et al. Displaced pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures：biomechanical analysis of percutaneous pinning techniques [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，2002，22(4)：440-443.
[8]Gartland JJ. Management of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children [J]. Surg Gynecol Obstet，1959，109：145-154.
[9]Flynn JC，Matthews JG，Benoit RL. Blind pinning of displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children. Sixteenyears' experience with long-term follow-up [J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am，1974，56(2)：263-272.
, http://www.100md.com
[10]Baumann E. Beitrage zur kenntnis der erakturen am ellbogengelenk：unter besonderer berucksichtigung der spatfolgen I allgemeines und fractura supra condylica [J]. Beitr Klin Chir，1929，146：150.
[11]Williamson DM，Coates CJ，Miller RK，et al. Normal characteristics of the Baumann(humerocapitellar)angle：an aid in assessment of supracondylar fractures [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，1992，12(5)：636-639.
[12]Camp J，Ishizue K，Gomez M，et al. Alteration of Baumann's angle by humeral position：implications for treatment of supracondylar humerus fractures [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，1993，13(4)：521-525.
, http://www.100md.com
[13]Gordon JE，Patton CM，Luhmann SJ. Fracture stability after pinning of displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，2001，21：313-318.
[14]Mostafavi HR，Spero C. Crossed pin fixation of displaced supracondylar humerus fractures in children [J]. Clin Orthop Relat Res，2000，(376)：56-61.
[15]Davis RT，Gorczyca JT，Pugh K. Supracondylar humerus fractures in children.Comparison of operative treatment methods[J].Clin Orthop，2000， 376：49-55.
[16]Srivastava S. The results of open reduction and pin fixation in displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children [J]. Med J Malaysia，2000，55：44-48.
(收稿日期：2011-11-09本文编辑：张瑜杰), 百拇医药(吕乔 刘卫华 阮安培)
[2]Skaggs DL，Hale JM，Bassett J，et al. Operative treatment of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children. The consequences of pin placement [J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am，2001，83(5)：735-740.
[3]France J，Strong M. Deformity and function in supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children variously treated by closed reduction and splinting，traction，and percutaneous pinning [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，1992， 12(4)：494-498.
, 百拇医药
[4]Topping RE，Blanco JS，Davis TJ. Clincal evaluation of crossed-pin versus lateral-pin fixation in displaced supracondylar humerus fractures [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，1995，15：435-439.
[5]Steven S，Andrew T，Doug M. Displaced pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures：biomechanical analysis of percutaneous pinning techniques [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，2002，22：440-443.
[6]Zionts LE，McKellop HA，Hathaway R. Torsional strength of pin configurations used to fix supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children [J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am，1994，76(2)：253-256.
, 百拇医药
[7]Lee SS，Mahar AT，Miesen D，et al. Displaced pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures：biomechanical analysis of percutaneous pinning techniques [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，2002，22(4)：440-443.
[8]Gartland JJ. Management of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children [J]. Surg Gynecol Obstet，1959，109：145-154.
[9]Flynn JC，Matthews JG，Benoit RL. Blind pinning of displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children. Sixteenyears' experience with long-term follow-up [J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am，1974，56(2)：263-272.
, http://www.100md.com
[10]Baumann E. Beitrage zur kenntnis der erakturen am ellbogengelenk：unter besonderer berucksichtigung der spatfolgen I allgemeines und fractura supra condylica [J]. Beitr Klin Chir，1929，146：150.
[11]Williamson DM，Coates CJ，Miller RK，et al. Normal characteristics of the Baumann(humerocapitellar)angle：an aid in assessment of supracondylar fractures [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，1992，12(5)：636-639.
[12]Camp J，Ishizue K，Gomez M，et al. Alteration of Baumann's angle by humeral position：implications for treatment of supracondylar humerus fractures [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，1993，13(4)：521-525.
, http://www.100md.com
[13]Gordon JE，Patton CM，Luhmann SJ. Fracture stability after pinning of displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children [J]. J Pediatr Orthop，2001，21：313-318.
[14]Mostafavi HR，Spero C. Crossed pin fixation of displaced supracondylar humerus fractures in children [J]. Clin Orthop Relat Res，2000，(376)：56-61.
[15]Davis RT，Gorczyca JT，Pugh K. Supracondylar humerus fractures in children.Comparison of operative treatment methods[J].Clin Orthop，2000， 376：49-55.
[16]Srivastava S. The results of open reduction and pin fixation in displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children [J]. Med J Malaysia，2000，55：44-48.
(收稿日期：2011-11-09本文编辑：张瑜杰), 百拇医药(吕乔 刘卫华 阮安培)