护士情绪劳动和欺负行为与离职意愿的相关性研究(1)
[摘要] 目的 探讨护士情绪劳动、工作场所欺负行为与离职意愿的相关关系。 方法 采取便利抽样法选择2016年10月在黑龙江省哈尔滨市5家三级甲等医院工作的400名护士为调查对象，采用问卷调查法进行调查，本研究采用护士一般资料情况调查表、工作场所欺负行为问卷、护士情绪劳动量表和离职意愿量表对其进行调查，并分析其相关性。 结果 护士情绪劳动3个维度中自然动作得分最高，为(3.67±0.21)分，其次依次为深层动作和表层动作。护士工作场所欺负行为得分为(1.89±0.43)分。护士离职意愿3个维度得分由高到低依次为寻找其他工作的动机、辞去目前工作的可能性和获得外部工作的可能性。护士情绪劳动中自然动作维度与离职意愿各维度呈负相关，与辞去目前工作的可能性呈明显负相关(r = -0.17，P < 0.05)，护士工作场所欺负行为与离职意愿各维度呈正相关(r = 0.52、0.42、0.18，P < 0.05)。 结论 护士情绪劳动和欺负行为与离职意愿存在相关关系。
[关键词] 情绪劳动；工作场所欺负行为；离职意愿；相关性
[中图分类号] R473.72 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)07(a)-0177-04
Study on the correlation between emotional labor and bullying behavior and turnover intention of nurses
LI Yanqiu GUO Chuang
The Third Sections of Acupuncture， the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Heilongjiang Province， Harbin 150040， China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the relationship between emotional labor， workplace bullying and turnover intention. Methods A total of 400 nurses working in five tertiary A-level hospitals in Harbin， Heilongjiang Province from October 2016 were selected by convenient sampling method. The survey was conducted by questionnaires including general nurse data， situation questionnaire， workplace bullying questionnaire， nurse emotional labor scales and turnover intention scales and the correlation was analyzed. Results Among the three dimensions of emotional labor， natural movements of the nurses had the highest score (3.67±0.21)， followed by the deep movements and the surface movements retrospectively. The scores of nurses′ bullying behavior in the workplace was (1.89±0.43). The scores of turnover intention from the highest to the lowest in three dimensions were finding other jobs， resigning from the current job and obtaining external job retrospectively. The dimension of natural movement in nurses′ emotional work was negatively correlated with the turnover intention， especially with the dimension of resigning from the current job (r = -0.17， P < 0.05)， and there was a positive correlation between nurses' workplace bullying behavior and each dimention of turnover intention (r = 0.52， 0.42， 0.18， P < 0.05). Conclusion There is a correlation between nurses′ emotional work and bullying behavior and turnover intention.
[Key words] Emotional labor； Workplace bullying； Turnover intention； Relevance
情緒劳动(emotional labor)是指职员在工作中表现出来的令组织满意的情绪态度[1]。护理工作是一种情绪劳动密集的职业，护士在工作中，不但要付出体力、脑力劳动，而且还要按照组织规则表现出适当的情绪，从而使护患和医护沟通交流更顺利、更有效[2]。情绪劳动作为护理工作的重要组成部分，对护士既有积极作用又有消极作用。工作场所欺负已被认为是主要的职业应激源[3]。工作场所欺负不同于一般暴力的偶发性，它会持续影响着工作场所人员。某学者研究指出，工作场所欺负现象存在于临床护理工作各个领域，并且造成了消极影响[41]。当护士内心感受和组织要求表达的情绪不一致时，这会造成护士的情绪压抑，加之在工作场所受欺负，便会出现情感耗竭、情感冷漠等，最终导致工作倦怠情绪，甚至有离职的意向[2]。因此，本研究探讨护士情绪劳动、工作场所欺负行为与离职意愿的相关关系，为降低护士离职率，提高工作满意度，进一步为临床管理提供一定借鉴。现报道如下：, 百拇医药(李艳秋 郭闯)
[关键词] 情绪劳动；工作场所欺负行为；离职意愿；相关性
[中图分类号] R473.72 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)07(a)-0177-04
Study on the correlation between emotional labor and bullying behavior and turnover intention of nurses
LI Yanqiu GUO Chuang
The Third Sections of Acupuncture， the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Heilongjiang Province， Harbin 150040， China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the relationship between emotional labor， workplace bullying and turnover intention. Methods A total of 400 nurses working in five tertiary A-level hospitals in Harbin， Heilongjiang Province from October 2016 were selected by convenient sampling method. The survey was conducted by questionnaires including general nurse data， situation questionnaire， workplace bullying questionnaire， nurse emotional labor scales and turnover intention scales and the correlation was analyzed. Results Among the three dimensions of emotional labor， natural movements of the nurses had the highest score (3.67±0.21)， followed by the deep movements and the surface movements retrospectively. The scores of nurses′ bullying behavior in the workplace was (1.89±0.43). The scores of turnover intention from the highest to the lowest in three dimensions were finding other jobs， resigning from the current job and obtaining external job retrospectively. The dimension of natural movement in nurses′ emotional work was negatively correlated with the turnover intention， especially with the dimension of resigning from the current job (r = -0.17， P < 0.05)， and there was a positive correlation between nurses' workplace bullying behavior and each dimention of turnover intention (r = 0.52， 0.42， 0.18， P < 0.05). Conclusion There is a correlation between nurses′ emotional work and bullying behavior and turnover intention.
[Key words] Emotional labor； Workplace bullying； Turnover intention； Relevance
情緒劳动(emotional labor)是指职员在工作中表现出来的令组织满意的情绪态度[1]。护理工作是一种情绪劳动密集的职业，护士在工作中，不但要付出体力、脑力劳动，而且还要按照组织规则表现出适当的情绪，从而使护患和医护沟通交流更顺利、更有效[2]。情绪劳动作为护理工作的重要组成部分，对护士既有积极作用又有消极作用。工作场所欺负已被认为是主要的职业应激源[3]。工作场所欺负不同于一般暴力的偶发性，它会持续影响着工作场所人员。某学者研究指出，工作场所欺负现象存在于临床护理工作各个领域，并且造成了消极影响[41]。当护士内心感受和组织要求表达的情绪不一致时，这会造成护士的情绪压抑，加之在工作场所受欺负，便会出现情感耗竭、情感冷漠等，最终导致工作倦怠情绪，甚至有离职的意向[2]。因此，本研究探讨护士情绪劳动、工作场所欺负行为与离职意愿的相关关系，为降低护士离职率，提高工作满意度，进一步为临床管理提供一定借鉴。现报道如下：, 百拇医药(李艳秋 郭闯)