护生临终关怀服务认知现状调查与分析(1)
[摘要] 目的 以北京市S医科大学为例，了解护生对临终关怀的认知情况，为护理专业开展临终关怀教育提供依据。 方法 问卷调查与个人访谈相结合。就对临终关怀的了解程度、对临终关怀照护的态度、对开展生命和死亡教育的态度和临终关怀事业发展目前存在的问题和建议等，于2017年5月对北京市S医科大学在校护生(包括大一39人，大二28人，大三50人)进行个人访谈(遴选其中12人)和问卷调查。 结果 大一和大三护生对临终关怀了解程度、死亡教育了解程度差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。护生们对开展死亡教育的必要程度态度得分为(3.27±0.76)分，但只对临终关怀定义的答题正确率为63.2%。 结论 目前关于死亡及临终关怀教育的教学时长和形式尚有待改进，建议应根据护生性别、宗教信仰等差异，针对性和系统性地实施临终关怀教育。
[关键词] 护生；临终关怀；态度；认知
[中图分类号] R47 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2019)04(a)-0059-04
Investigation and analysis of awareness of hospice care in nursing students
LI Jun LIU Jiayu LI Yiting
Institution of Hospital Management， Capital Research Bases of Health Management and Policy， School of Health Management and Education， Capital Medical University， Beijing 100069， China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the cognition of hospice care in nursing students， and provide reference for the curriculum design of education on the death and hospice care， taking medical university S as an example. Methods Combination of questionnaire and in-depth interview. Besides in-depth interviews to recruited 12 nursing students， questionnaires were surveyed among nursing students (including 39 students in Grade 1， 28 students in Grade 2， and 50 students in Grade 3)， which about the knowledge of hospice care， attitude for death and advises of the development of hospice care in May， 2017. Results There was statistically significant difference in Grade 3 and Grade 1 of nursing students′ on understanding of both hospice care and death education (P < 0.05). Through the score of the thought that death education was very necessary was (3.27±0.76) scores， only the accuracy about the concept of hospice care was 63.2%. Conclusion It should improve the course duration and the teaching models about the education of hospice care， and teach in diverse way according to genders， religions and so on of the nursing students targeted and systematically.
[Key words] Nursing students； Hospice care； Attitude； Cognition
臨终关怀[1]是指减少患者的身心痛苦，维护临终患者的尊严，同时给予患者家属精神上的支持，提高患者的生活质量。临终关怀强调把医疗、治疗(cure)转变为照护(care)，在这一过程中护理人员的作用不可小觑。护理专业学生(简称“护生”)是护理从业队伍的重要组成部分，是未来临终关怀服务的直接提供者，其对于临终关怀和死亡的认知程度，将直接影响到临终关怀的发展和服务质量。姚秋丽等[2]认为接受过临终关怀教育的护生在走上护理岗位后应对晚期患者可以更加得心应手。尽管目前高校开设的护理伦理学已涉及临终关怀内容，但缺乏系统性、规范性。本研究以北京市S医科大学为例，通过问卷调查和访谈的方法对全体护理专业在校生(由于护理专业学生大四和大五阶段已经进入临床，所以在校生只包括大一至大三3个年级学生)的临终关怀认知水平进行调查，旨在为护理专业学生开展临终关怀和相关课程教育提供依据。
1 对象与方法
1.1 研究对象
本研究以北京市S医科大学为例，以该校在校全体护生及护理专业教师作为研究对象。
1.2 研究方法, http://www.100md.com(李军 刘佳玉 李义庭)
[关键词] 护生；临终关怀；态度；认知
[中图分类号] R47 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2019)04(a)-0059-04
Investigation and analysis of awareness of hospice care in nursing students
LI Jun LIU Jiayu LI Yiting
Institution of Hospital Management， Capital Research Bases of Health Management and Policy， School of Health Management and Education， Capital Medical University， Beijing 100069， China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the cognition of hospice care in nursing students， and provide reference for the curriculum design of education on the death and hospice care， taking medical university S as an example. Methods Combination of questionnaire and in-depth interview. Besides in-depth interviews to recruited 12 nursing students， questionnaires were surveyed among nursing students (including 39 students in Grade 1， 28 students in Grade 2， and 50 students in Grade 3)， which about the knowledge of hospice care， attitude for death and advises of the development of hospice care in May， 2017. Results There was statistically significant difference in Grade 3 and Grade 1 of nursing students′ on understanding of both hospice care and death education (P < 0.05). Through the score of the thought that death education was very necessary was (3.27±0.76) scores， only the accuracy about the concept of hospice care was 63.2%. Conclusion It should improve the course duration and the teaching models about the education of hospice care， and teach in diverse way according to genders， religions and so on of the nursing students targeted and systematically.
[Key words] Nursing students； Hospice care； Attitude； Cognition
臨终关怀[1]是指减少患者的身心痛苦，维护临终患者的尊严，同时给予患者家属精神上的支持，提高患者的生活质量。临终关怀强调把医疗、治疗(cure)转变为照护(care)，在这一过程中护理人员的作用不可小觑。护理专业学生(简称“护生”)是护理从业队伍的重要组成部分，是未来临终关怀服务的直接提供者，其对于临终关怀和死亡的认知程度，将直接影响到临终关怀的发展和服务质量。姚秋丽等[2]认为接受过临终关怀教育的护生在走上护理岗位后应对晚期患者可以更加得心应手。尽管目前高校开设的护理伦理学已涉及临终关怀内容，但缺乏系统性、规范性。本研究以北京市S医科大学为例，通过问卷调查和访谈的方法对全体护理专业在校生(由于护理专业学生大四和大五阶段已经进入临床，所以在校生只包括大一至大三3个年级学生)的临终关怀认知水平进行调查，旨在为护理专业学生开展临终关怀和相关课程教育提供依据。
1 对象与方法
1.1 研究对象
本研究以北京市S医科大学为例，以该校在校全体护生及护理专业教师作为研究对象。
1.2 研究方法, http://www.100md.com(李军 刘佳玉 李义庭)