慢性心力衰竭与淋巴细胞和细胞因子相关性的研究进展(1)
[摘要] 慢性心力衰竭(CHF)是一种复杂的临床症状群,其作为大部分心血管疾病的最终归宿,是心脏病最主要的死因之一。CHF的发病机制复杂,近年来,随着研究的深入,发现免疫因素在其疾病过程中发挥了重要作用。B淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞通过不同的作用方式对心肌产生损害,诱发及加重病理性心室重构,最终加快CHF的发生发展。以肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-6为代表的具有促炎作用的细胞因子,能加快CHF病程的发展。而IL-33等细胞因子则具有保护心脏的作用,可以延缓CHF的病程进展。本文综述了近年来与CHF的发生、发展过程中相关淋巴细胞和细胞因子的研究进展,以期为未来其临床治疗提供新思路。
[关键词] 慢性心力衰竭;淋巴细胞;细胞因子;白细胞介素;心室重构
[中图分类号] R259.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2019)07(b)-0041-04
Research progress on the relationship between chronic heart failure and lymphocytes and cytokines
XU Xiaowen1,2 LI Yiping1,2 RUAN Xiaofen1,2 WANG Xiaolong1,2
1.Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, China; 2.Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, China
[Abstract] Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a complex clinical symptom group. As the ultimate outcome of most cardiovascular diseases, it is one of the main causes of death of heart disease. The pathogenesis of CHF is complex. In recent years, with the deepening of research, it has been found that immune factors play an important role in the disease process. B lymphocyte and T lymphocyte damage myocardium through different ways of action, induce and aggravate pathological ventricular remodeling, and ultimately accelerate the occurrence and development of CHF. Tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, as the representatives of proinflammatory cytokines, can accelerate the development of CHF. Cytokines such as IL-33 can protect the heart and delay the progression of CHF. This article reviews the recent research progress of lymphocytes and cytokines related to the occurrence and development of CHF in order to provide new ideas for its clinical treatment in the future.
[Key words] Chronic heart failure; Lymphocyte; Cytokines; Interleukin; Ventricular remodeling
慢性心力衰竭(CHF)是一种常见的心血管疾病,其发病率高,且症状性患者的5年存活率与恶性肿瘤相当[1]。免疫因素在CHF的发生发展过程中起着重要作用,主要涉及各种淋巴细胞和多种细胞因子[2]。病理性心室重构是CHF发生发展的重要机制,主要包括心肌细胞的肥大、心肌成纤维细胞的增生及纤维化[3]。不同的淋巴细胞和细胞因子对CHF进程的影响存在明显差异,某些可导致甚至加剧CHF的进展,而另一些则可以防止相应的病变或阻止病情的恶化[4]。探究免疫机制在CHF中发挥的作用有助于进一步了解其发病机制。
1 淋巴细胞
淋巴细胞作为免疫系统中的主要成员,在维持生理状态的免疫应答及免疫稳态方面发挥关键作用。淋巴细胞是免疫系统的基本成分,在体内分布广泛。
1.1 B淋巴细胞
B淋巴细胞源于骨髓多能干细胞,通过抗原呈递作用诱导免疫应答,以分泌抗体、细胞因子等方式,在体液免疫应答过程中发挥着重要作用[5]。其机制主要为:①B淋巴细胞活化后通过凋亡信号通路和补体介导的细胞毒性对心肌产生直接的损伤[6];②CHF发生时,B细胞活化并转化为记忆性B细胞,当记忆B细胞遇到相同抗原时,两者产生更强烈的二次反应,加重心脏损害[7];③在B细胞活化的过程中,白细胞分化抗原19(cluster of differentiation 19,CD19)磷酸化引起相關信号通路的激活对CHF的发生和发展起着重要作用。同时B细胞也会刺激一些蛋白质如金属蛋白酶9(matrix metalloproteinase 9,MMP9)的分泌,在心室重构中产生重要作用[8]。, 百拇医药(许笑雯 李益萍 阮小芬 王肖龙)
[关键词] 慢性心力衰竭;淋巴细胞;细胞因子;白细胞介素;心室重构
[中图分类号] R259.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2019)07(b)-0041-04
Research progress on the relationship between chronic heart failure and lymphocytes and cytokines
XU Xiaowen1,2 LI Yiping1,2 RUAN Xiaofen1,2 WANG Xiaolong1,2
1.Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, China; 2.Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, China
[Abstract] Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a complex clinical symptom group. As the ultimate outcome of most cardiovascular diseases, it is one of the main causes of death of heart disease. The pathogenesis of CHF is complex. In recent years, with the deepening of research, it has been found that immune factors play an important role in the disease process. B lymphocyte and T lymphocyte damage myocardium through different ways of action, induce and aggravate pathological ventricular remodeling, and ultimately accelerate the occurrence and development of CHF. Tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, as the representatives of proinflammatory cytokines, can accelerate the development of CHF. Cytokines such as IL-33 can protect the heart and delay the progression of CHF. This article reviews the recent research progress of lymphocytes and cytokines related to the occurrence and development of CHF in order to provide new ideas for its clinical treatment in the future.
[Key words] Chronic heart failure; Lymphocyte; Cytokines; Interleukin; Ventricular remodeling
慢性心力衰竭(CHF)是一种常见的心血管疾病,其发病率高,且症状性患者的5年存活率与恶性肿瘤相当[1]。免疫因素在CHF的发生发展过程中起着重要作用,主要涉及各种淋巴细胞和多种细胞因子[2]。病理性心室重构是CHF发生发展的重要机制,主要包括心肌细胞的肥大、心肌成纤维细胞的增生及纤维化[3]。不同的淋巴细胞和细胞因子对CHF进程的影响存在明显差异,某些可导致甚至加剧CHF的进展,而另一些则可以防止相应的病变或阻止病情的恶化[4]。探究免疫机制在CHF中发挥的作用有助于进一步了解其发病机制。
1 淋巴细胞
淋巴细胞作为免疫系统中的主要成员,在维持生理状态的免疫应答及免疫稳态方面发挥关键作用。淋巴细胞是免疫系统的基本成分,在体内分布广泛。
1.1 B淋巴细胞
B淋巴细胞源于骨髓多能干细胞,通过抗原呈递作用诱导免疫应答,以分泌抗体、细胞因子等方式,在体液免疫应答过程中发挥着重要作用[5]。其机制主要为:①B淋巴细胞活化后通过凋亡信号通路和补体介导的细胞毒性对心肌产生直接的损伤[6];②CHF发生时,B细胞活化并转化为记忆性B细胞,当记忆B细胞遇到相同抗原时,两者产生更强烈的二次反应,加重心脏损害[7];③在B细胞活化的过程中,白细胞分化抗原19(cluster of differentiation 19,CD19)磷酸化引起相關信号通路的激活对CHF的发生和发展起着重要作用。同时B细胞也会刺激一些蛋白质如金属蛋白酶9(matrix metalloproteinase 9,MMP9)的分泌,在心室重构中产生重要作用[8]。, 百拇医药(许笑雯 李益萍 阮小芬 王肖龙)