教学供给侧改革在药剂学实验教学中的应用(1)
[摘要] 随着经济的发展，我国制药行业正处在由仿制药向原研药的战略转型阶段。随之而来的，制药行业对药学人才提出了更高的要求。传统的药剂实验课程已经无法满足培养高素质药学人才对高层次教育产品的需求，为此本研究提出从教学供给侧的角度进行教学改革，从教师、教学内容、科研带动教学等多维度进行适当的结构性调整，以提高药学人才培养过程中的有效资源供给，满足学生对高质量教学资源的需求和社会对高素质药学人才的需求。教学供给侧改革实践后，学生创新能力及解决实际问题能力都得到了显著提升。同时从供给侧改革的角度探索药学创新型人才的培养策略，为广大药学教育工作者探索更有效的实验课程改革提供有利借鉴。
[关键词] 药学;供给侧改革;药剂学;实验教学
[中图分类号] R94 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2020)04(a)-0066-04
Application of teaching supply-side-reform in the experimental teaching of pharmaceutics
CHEN Xin LIU Hongmei HUANG Yan TANG Yuan LI Xiaohui JIA Yi
Department of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine， Army Medical University， Chongqing 400038， China
[Abstract] With the development of economy， pharmaceutical industry in China is in the stage of strategic transformation from generic drugs to original drugs. As a result， the pharmaceutical industry put forward higher requirements for pharmacy talents. Traditional course of pharmaceutics experiment have been unable to meet the demand of high-level educational products for cultivating high-quality talents. Therefore， this study propose teaching reform from the perspective of teaching supply-side， and conduct appropriate structural adjustment from multiple dimensions such as teachers， teaching content and scientific research to improve the supply of effective resources in the training of pharmacy talents， to meet the needs of students for high-quality teaching resources and the needs of society for high-quality pharmacy talents. After the practice of teaching supply-side-reform， students′ innovation and solving problems ability have been significantly improved. At the same time， from the perspective of supply-side-reform， it explores the training strategy of innovative pharmacy talents， and provides a beneficial reference for the majority of pharmacy educators to explore more effective experimental curriculum reform.
[Key words] Pharmacy; Supply-side-reform; Pharmaceutics; Experimental teaching
“供给侧”理论基础源于19世纪初法国学者萨伊提出的“萨伊定律”，认为“供给创造自身的需求”[1]。该理论原主要用于经济学领域，认为“供给”是与“需求”相对应的。供给侧改革就是从提高供给质量出发，用改革的办法推进结构调整，矫正要素配置扭曲，扩大有效供给，提高供给结构对需求变化的适应性和灵活性，以适应社会的需要[2]。高等教育供给侧改革就是从教育生产端进行的结构性调整，旨在优化教育资源、提高教育产品质量、满足高等药学人才培养所需要的高层次教学需求[3-5]。随着社会经济发展方式及医药产业结构的调整升级，我国医药产业正由仿制为主向自主创新为主的战略转变，随之而来的是社会对高水平创新药学人才的需求[6-7]。高校作为供给侧，并不能完全满足培养高素质药学人才对高层次教育产品的需求。面对供给与需求这一结构性矛盾，生产端有必要进行适当的结构性调整，重视学生创新能力的培养，提高人才输出质量。此外，在就业压力如此严峻的当下，为提高自身的竞争力，获得更优质的教育资源，很多学生选择了出国。中国国家统计局年度数据显示[8]，我国出国留学人数呈快速增长的趨势，由14.4万(2007年)增加到60.84万(2017年)，无论从社会还是学生的角度都有对更高教学供给的需求。因此，对于教学供给侧改革迫在眉睫。, http://www.100md.com(陈新 刘红梅 黄琰 唐渊 李晓辉 贾乙)
[关键词] 药学;供给侧改革;药剂学;实验教学
[中图分类号] R94 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2020)04(a)-0066-04
Application of teaching supply-side-reform in the experimental teaching of pharmaceutics
CHEN Xin LIU Hongmei HUANG Yan TANG Yuan LI Xiaohui JIA Yi
Department of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine， Army Medical University， Chongqing 400038， China
[Abstract] With the development of economy， pharmaceutical industry in China is in the stage of strategic transformation from generic drugs to original drugs. As a result， the pharmaceutical industry put forward higher requirements for pharmacy talents. Traditional course of pharmaceutics experiment have been unable to meet the demand of high-level educational products for cultivating high-quality talents. Therefore， this study propose teaching reform from the perspective of teaching supply-side， and conduct appropriate structural adjustment from multiple dimensions such as teachers， teaching content and scientific research to improve the supply of effective resources in the training of pharmacy talents， to meet the needs of students for high-quality teaching resources and the needs of society for high-quality pharmacy talents. After the practice of teaching supply-side-reform， students′ innovation and solving problems ability have been significantly improved. At the same time， from the perspective of supply-side-reform， it explores the training strategy of innovative pharmacy talents， and provides a beneficial reference for the majority of pharmacy educators to explore more effective experimental curriculum reform.
[Key words] Pharmacy; Supply-side-reform; Pharmaceutics; Experimental teaching
“供给侧”理论基础源于19世纪初法国学者萨伊提出的“萨伊定律”，认为“供给创造自身的需求”[1]。该理论原主要用于经济学领域，认为“供给”是与“需求”相对应的。供给侧改革就是从提高供给质量出发，用改革的办法推进结构调整，矫正要素配置扭曲，扩大有效供给，提高供给结构对需求变化的适应性和灵活性，以适应社会的需要[2]。高等教育供给侧改革就是从教育生产端进行的结构性调整，旨在优化教育资源、提高教育产品质量、满足高等药学人才培养所需要的高层次教学需求[3-5]。随着社会经济发展方式及医药产业结构的调整升级，我国医药产业正由仿制为主向自主创新为主的战略转变，随之而来的是社会对高水平创新药学人才的需求[6-7]。高校作为供给侧，并不能完全满足培养高素质药学人才对高层次教育产品的需求。面对供给与需求这一结构性矛盾，生产端有必要进行适当的结构性调整，重视学生创新能力的培养，提高人才输出质量。此外，在就业压力如此严峻的当下，为提高自身的竞争力，获得更优质的教育资源，很多学生选择了出国。中国国家统计局年度数据显示[8]，我国出国留学人数呈快速增长的趨势，由14.4万(2007年)增加到60.84万(2017年)，无论从社会还是学生的角度都有对更高教学供给的需求。因此，对于教学供给侧改革迫在眉睫。, http://www.100md.com(陈新 刘红梅 黄琰 唐渊 李晓辉 贾乙)