罗笑容教授从胆论治小儿神经性尿频经验(1)
[摘要] 小儿神经性尿频是一种心理行为疾病,对患儿及其家庭的生活造成许多困扰,然而目前其临床疗效不尽如人意。罗笑容教授在长期临床实践和少阳学说的基础上,提出了从胆论治小儿神经性尿频的理论,认为本病多责之于暴受惊恐致痰气逆乱、虚热扰神,自拟柴芍温胆汤加减理气化痰,温胆安神缩尿,从而为小儿神经性尿频的治疗开创新思路。本文通过病因病机、治法方药、验案举隅三个方面总结介绍罗教授治疗小儿神经性尿频的临床经验。
[关键词] 神经性尿频;温胆汤;少阳;罗笑容
[中图分类号] R246.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2020)04(c)-0153-04
Professor Luo Xiaorong′s experience in treatment of neurotic urinary frequency of children from gallbladder
LI Rongzhen1,2 LIU Jingwei1,2 XU Kaisi2,3 CHEN Hanhua3▲
1.Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510000, China; 2.Luo Xiaorong Famous Doctor Studio, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510000, China; 3.Department of Pediatrics, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510000, China
[Abstract] Neurotic urinary frequency is one of the most common psychological behaviour diseases in children, having a bad influence on the life of a family. However, the overall curative effect is unsatisfactory at present. Professor Luo puts forward the theory of treating neurotic urinary frequency in children from gallbladder, based on the long-term clinical practice and Shaoyang theory. She considers that the disease is mainly caused by sudden panic, resulting in phlegm and qi counterfiow and deficiency heat disturbing spirit. Thus, she created the Chaishao Wendan Decoction, the function of which is to regulate qi and resolve phlegm, tranquilize mind and reduce urination simultaneously. It creates a new way of thinking in treating neurotic urinary frequency in children. This article introduces the experience of professor Luo treating neurotic urinary frequency in children from three aspects: etiology pathogenesis, therapeutic method and prescriptions and threeproven cases.
[Key words] Neurotic urinary frequency; Wendan Decoction; Shaoyang; Luo Xiaorong
羅笑容教授现系广东省名中医,人事部、原卫生部和国家中医药管理局确定的全国第三批老中医药专家学术经验继承工作指导老师,兼任广东省中医药学会儿科专业委员会顾问。从事儿科医疗、教学、科研工作五十余年,在儿科疾病的防治中积累了丰富的临床经验。小儿神经性尿频是儿童时期常见的心理行为疾病,学龄前儿童居多,且近几年发病呈上升趋势[1]。患儿大多无泌尿生殖系统解剖结构的异常,而主要表现为日排尿次数增加,或特定环境下排尿次数增加,一般无尿量的增加。排尿次数可多至每日20~30次,每次排尿量少,入睡后缓解,常在上床睡觉或上课前加重[2],无尿痛,尿常规、泌尿系彩超等检查正常,在排除泌尿系感染、器质性病变等疾病后即可诊断本病[3]。本病的诊断可参考《中医儿科临床诊疗指南·神经性尿频》[4],归属于中医“尿频”“多尿”的范畴。
1 中医对小儿尿频病因病机的认识
1.1 传统医学对尿频的认识
传统医学认为小儿尿频病在肾与膀胱。《素问·脉要精微论》云:“仓廪不藏者,是门户不要也。水泉不止者,是膀胱不藏也。”《难经》:“膀胱者,津液之腑也……膀胱者,肾之腑。”《诸病源候论·小便数候》指出“小便数者,膀胱与肾具有客热乘之故也”。以肾者主水,与膀胱相表里,两者气化津液、主司开阖以约束尿液。若小儿先天不足,或后天不调,或久病损伤至肾阳亏虚,膀胱失温,或热客膀胱则尿频乃作。此外,小儿尿频的发生亦与脾脏密切相关,《灵枢·口问》曰:“邪之所在,皆为不足……中气不足,溲便为之变,肠为之苦鸣。”中气为轴,斡旋一身之气,为全身气机升降出入之枢纽,而中气主要指脾土运化之功能。脾虚失运,则升降失序,精微下注,病变或为失精,或为小便频数、失禁。水液代谢“其本在肾,其制在脾”,脾肾运化功能的正常发挥是小便通调的要因之一;本病发生,除病位主要在肾、膀胱,与脾相关之外,亦与心、肺息息相关。《素问·灵兰秘典论》曰:“心者,君主之官,神明出焉。”患儿精神紧张不能自主而出现尿频,常因心之气阴不足,致神明失主,或心火内亢,移热于小肠,热迫膀胱,致小便失摄。如周祎然等[5]治疗上多从心肾入手,兼顾脾胃,协同日常调护为法。闫雁[6]提出从心论治小儿尿频。肺为水之上源,肺气肃降,通调水道,下输膀胱,若然肺气不宣,内外不通或肺经郁热,下移膀胱,亦可致膀胱失约,小便频数。朱丹溪曾有论述:“肺为上焦,膀胱为下焦,上焦闭则下焦塞。”尝用麻黄汤宣上通下以利尿,又可治老人及小儿尿频遗尿。综上可知,小儿尿频原因有虚、实之分,其虚在肾、脾,以阳虚为主;实在心、肺,以阳热为主。, 百拇医药(李荣贞 刘靖薇 许楷斯 陈汉华)
[关键词] 神经性尿频;温胆汤;少阳;罗笑容
[中图分类号] R246.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2020)04(c)-0153-04
Professor Luo Xiaorong′s experience in treatment of neurotic urinary frequency of children from gallbladder
LI Rongzhen1,2 LIU Jingwei1,2 XU Kaisi2,3 CHEN Hanhua3▲
1.Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510000, China; 2.Luo Xiaorong Famous Doctor Studio, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510000, China; 3.Department of Pediatrics, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510000, China
[Abstract] Neurotic urinary frequency is one of the most common psychological behaviour diseases in children, having a bad influence on the life of a family. However, the overall curative effect is unsatisfactory at present. Professor Luo puts forward the theory of treating neurotic urinary frequency in children from gallbladder, based on the long-term clinical practice and Shaoyang theory. She considers that the disease is mainly caused by sudden panic, resulting in phlegm and qi counterfiow and deficiency heat disturbing spirit. Thus, she created the Chaishao Wendan Decoction, the function of which is to regulate qi and resolve phlegm, tranquilize mind and reduce urination simultaneously. It creates a new way of thinking in treating neurotic urinary frequency in children. This article introduces the experience of professor Luo treating neurotic urinary frequency in children from three aspects: etiology pathogenesis, therapeutic method and prescriptions and threeproven cases.
[Key words] Neurotic urinary frequency; Wendan Decoction; Shaoyang; Luo Xiaorong
羅笑容教授现系广东省名中医,人事部、原卫生部和国家中医药管理局确定的全国第三批老中医药专家学术经验继承工作指导老师,兼任广东省中医药学会儿科专业委员会顾问。从事儿科医疗、教学、科研工作五十余年,在儿科疾病的防治中积累了丰富的临床经验。小儿神经性尿频是儿童时期常见的心理行为疾病,学龄前儿童居多,且近几年发病呈上升趋势[1]。患儿大多无泌尿生殖系统解剖结构的异常,而主要表现为日排尿次数增加,或特定环境下排尿次数增加,一般无尿量的增加。排尿次数可多至每日20~30次,每次排尿量少,入睡后缓解,常在上床睡觉或上课前加重[2],无尿痛,尿常规、泌尿系彩超等检查正常,在排除泌尿系感染、器质性病变等疾病后即可诊断本病[3]。本病的诊断可参考《中医儿科临床诊疗指南·神经性尿频》[4],归属于中医“尿频”“多尿”的范畴。
1 中医对小儿尿频病因病机的认识
1.1 传统医学对尿频的认识
传统医学认为小儿尿频病在肾与膀胱。《素问·脉要精微论》云:“仓廪不藏者,是门户不要也。水泉不止者,是膀胱不藏也。”《难经》:“膀胱者,津液之腑也……膀胱者,肾之腑。”《诸病源候论·小便数候》指出“小便数者,膀胱与肾具有客热乘之故也”。以肾者主水,与膀胱相表里,两者气化津液、主司开阖以约束尿液。若小儿先天不足,或后天不调,或久病损伤至肾阳亏虚,膀胱失温,或热客膀胱则尿频乃作。此外,小儿尿频的发生亦与脾脏密切相关,《灵枢·口问》曰:“邪之所在,皆为不足……中气不足,溲便为之变,肠为之苦鸣。”中气为轴,斡旋一身之气,为全身气机升降出入之枢纽,而中气主要指脾土运化之功能。脾虚失运,则升降失序,精微下注,病变或为失精,或为小便频数、失禁。水液代谢“其本在肾,其制在脾”,脾肾运化功能的正常发挥是小便通调的要因之一;本病发生,除病位主要在肾、膀胱,与脾相关之外,亦与心、肺息息相关。《素问·灵兰秘典论》曰:“心者,君主之官,神明出焉。”患儿精神紧张不能自主而出现尿频,常因心之气阴不足,致神明失主,或心火内亢,移热于小肠,热迫膀胱,致小便失摄。如周祎然等[5]治疗上多从心肾入手,兼顾脾胃,协同日常调护为法。闫雁[6]提出从心论治小儿尿频。肺为水之上源,肺气肃降,通调水道,下输膀胱,若然肺气不宣,内外不通或肺经郁热,下移膀胱,亦可致膀胱失约,小便频数。朱丹溪曾有论述:“肺为上焦,膀胱为下焦,上焦闭则下焦塞。”尝用麻黄汤宣上通下以利尿,又可治老人及小儿尿频遗尿。综上可知,小儿尿频原因有虚、实之分,其虚在肾、脾,以阳虚为主;实在心、肺,以阳热为主。, 百拇医药(李荣贞 刘靖薇 许楷斯 陈汉华)
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