[摘要]程序性细胞死亡-1(PD-1)/程序性细胞死亡配体-1(PD-L1)作为B7-CD28家族的重要负性共刺激信号途径，已证实能够通过抑制T细胞的活化增殖及细胞因子的产生来负调控免疫应答，参与免疫耐受及自身免疫性疾病、慢性感染、肿瘤等慢性疾病。本文综述了PD-1/PD-L1信号途径的生物学特点和功能及其在口腔扁平苔藓、慢性牙周炎、口腔恶性肿瘤等口腔慢性疾病中的研究，并探讨了调节该通路为口腔慢性疾病提供治疗的可能性。

    [关键词]程序性细胞死亡-1/程序性细胞死亡配体-1；T细胞；治疗

    [中图分类号]Q 257[文献标志码]A[doi]10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.01.019

    Programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 pathway and its regulation on oral chronic diseases Zhang Jing1, Zhou Gang1，2.[1. The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology(HubeiMOST)& Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; 2. Dept. of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China]

    [Abstract]Programmed death-1(PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1), as the important member of B7-CD28 family, is a newly identified negative co-stimulatory pathway. It may play a critical immunoregulatory role, through inhibiting T cells activation and proliferation as well as cytokines production, in chronic diseases such as autoimmune diseases, chronic infections and tumors. Besides discussing the biological characteristics and functions of PD-1/PD-L1, this review mainly explores its regulation on oral chronic diseases including oral lichen planus, chronic periodontitis as well as oral malignant tumors and the therapeutic potential of PD-1/PD-L1 modulation in this filed. ......