摘要 目的：分析阴阳毒历代认识，探讨升麻鳖甲汤的临床应用。方法：选取医史文献资料并对不同历史时期的阴阳毒进行解读与比较。结果：不同历史时期记载的阴阳毒寒热属性不同;升麻鳖甲汤中可以运用雄黄与蜀椒治疗现代与阳毒类似的热性出血性疾病。结论：关于阴阳毒的认识，历史上存在差异，其原因可能是历代所论阴阳毒并非同一疾病;或者阴阳毒因感受毒气不同，使其临床表现发生了的变异。

    关键词 阴阳毒;升麻鳖甲汤;《金匮要略》;医学史;文献;雄黄;蜀椒

    Abstract Objective：To analyze the historical understanding of yin and yang toxin，and to explore the modern clinical application of Shengma Biejia Decoction.Methods：Based on medical history and literature，yin and yang toxin in different historical periods was interpreted and compared.Results：Cold and heat properties of yin and yang toxin recorded in different historical periods are different; Realgar and Pericarpium Zanthoxyli can be used in Shengma Biejia Decoction in the treatment of modern heat hemorrhagic diseases similar to yang toxin.Conclusion：There are differences in the historical understanding of yin and yang toxin ......