曹双双 王建伟 王展 马惠姿 冯涛

    [摘要] 近二十多年来，经颅超声(TCS)检查越来越多地用于运动障碍性疾病的诊断及鉴别诊断。与其他影像学检查手段(如CT、MRI、PET)比较，TCS设备相对便宜、操作便捷、检查无创，值得推广。但TCS检查结果受多种因素影响，如受检者颞窗显示情况、黑质表现差异、检查者经验等因素，故检查结果的有效性存在争议。由于帕金森病的临床异质性较大，诊断帕金森病需结合临床表现及多种辅助检查。TCS检查可作为一种影像学标志物为帕金森病诊断提供辅助证据。本文详细描述了经颅黑质超声的检查方法、判定标准及可能机制，总结分析TCS在帕金森病的诊断、鉴别诊断及高危人群监测方面的价值，指出其局限性及改进方向，为今后更好地应用TCS检查提供帮助。

    [关键词] 经颅超声;帕金森病;临床价值;局限性;改进方向

    [中图分类号] R742.5? ? ? ? ? [文献标识码] A? ? ? ? ? [文章编号] 1673-7210(2020)06(c)-0053-04

    [Abstract] In the past two decades， transcranial ultrasound (TCS) examination has been used more and more in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of movement disorders. Compared with other imaging inspection methods， such as computed tomography， as well as magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography， TCS is worthy of promotion with the advantages of lower cost， more convenient and non-invasive operation. However， the results of TCS examination are affected by many factors， such as the patient′s temporal window display， the difference in the performance of the substantia nigra， the examiner′s experience and other factors ......