下呼吸道感染革兰阴性杆菌的菌群分布及耐药性分析(1)
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【摘要】 目的 了解下呼吸道感染革兰阴性杆菌的常见细菌分布及耐药性情况。以协助临床合理应用抗菌药物。方法 对2009年1月至2010年5月住院患者下呼吸道感染痰标本所分离的病原菌,进行菌种和耐药性回顾性统计分析。结果 共收集1354株细菌,其中革兰阴性杆菌1095株,占80.87%。革兰阴性杆菌中分离率占前五位的分别是:铜绿假单胞菌250株(占18.46%),鲍曼不动杆菌182株(占13.44%),肺炎克雷伯菌株158株(占11.67%),大肠埃希菌143株(占10.56%),嗜麦芽黄单孢菌86株(占6.35%)。主要革兰阴性杆菌均耐药,对抗菌药物耐药率普遍较高的细菌为鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌,大肠埃希菌。结论 呼吸道分离的革兰阴性杆菌均存在严重耐药问题,及时监测病原菌变化及耐药趋势以指导临床用药至关重要。
【关键词】 耐药性;抗生素;下呼吸道感染;革兰阴性杆菌
Analysis of Distribution and drug resistance among Gram-negative bacteria from Lower respiratory tract infection
LUN Xiao-yan,LI Nan-yang,LIN Li-zhen,et al.
First People’s Hospital of Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province,Zhaoqing 526021,China
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance among Gram-negative bacteria fromrespiratory tract infections and their drug resistance to help reasonably utilize the antibiotics. Methods A retrospective analysis for the antibiotic resistance of pathogen isolated from sputum sample of nosocomial lower respiratory tract infection was mede in OUF hospital from Jan 2009 to Jan 2010. Results A total of 1354 isolates of pathogens were collected.Gram-negative bacilli were 1095 ( 80.87% )。 the outstanding pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 250(18.46%), Acinetobacter baumanii was 182 (13.44%), Klebsiella pneumoniae was 158 (11.67%), Escherichia coli was 143(10.56%), P seudomonas maltophilia was 86(6.35%). The dominant Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria were resistan.The resitant rate was higher in Acinetobacter baumanii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli.Conclusion Drug resistance of isolated pathogenic bacteria from respiratory tract infection is a serious problem . Monitoring the change of pathogen and the trends of antimicrobial resistance is very important in guiding the antibiotic therapy.
【Key words】 Drug resistance;Antibiotics; Lower respiratory tract infectio n; Gram-negative bacteria
作者单位:526021广东省肇庆市第一人民医院
下呼吸道感染是临床常见病,发病率和病死率占各类感染之首[1]。近年来,由于有创检查和治疗技术的广泛开展,广谱抗菌药物、激素及免疫抑制剂广泛应用,耐药菌群的规模日益扩大,一些条件致病菌也逐渐成为优势菌。目前革兰阴性菌感染的耐药性呈不断增长的趋势 [2],及时了解本地区近期呼吸道感染革兰阴性杆菌的流行情况及耐药现状,对临床医生合理使用抗菌药和控制感染性疾病具有指导作用。本文对2009年1月至2010年5月本院住院的下呼吸道感染患者痰培养结果进行回顾性分析,了解下呼吸道感染病原菌的分布特点、耐药现状及其趋势,以期为临床用药提供指导。
1 资料与方法
1.1 材料 所有痰标本均取自2009年1月至2010年5月本院诊断为下呼吸道感染的患者。晨起生理盐水漱口后咳痰至密闭灭菌容器当中,立即送检 ......
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