【摘要】 目的 探讨儿童乙型肝炎疫苗预防接种效果。方法 选择门诊部763例接受乙型肝炎疫苗接种的儿童为研究对象， 选取其中的有效血清730份， 应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)开展检测， 对疫苗注射效果进行观察， 并评价其免疫效果。结果 乙型肝炎表面抗体的标化阳性率为65.23%;5～7岁儿童乙型肝炎表面抗体阳性率表现出降低趋势;乙型肝炎表面抗原标化阳性率为0.43%;3～7岁儿童中5例乙型肝炎表面抗原呈现为阳性。在接受乙型肝炎疫苗接种1个月后， 375例儿童再次接受加强接种。加强接种儿童的乙型肝炎表面抗体阳性率71.20%高于未接受加强接种儿童的45.07%， 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 乙型肝炎疫苗的应用会使儿童机体免疫力提升， 提高其机体血清乙型肝炎表面抗体阳性率， 避免儿童受到乙型肝炎病毒的感染， 有效预防乙型肝炎的发生。

    【关键词】 乙型肝炎;疫苗;预防接种

    【Abstract】 Objective To discuss the effect of preventive inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine in children. Methods A total of 763 children vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine in the outpatient department were selected as the research objects. 730 effective sera were selected and tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The effect of vaccine injection was observed and evaluated. Results The normalized positive rate of hepatitis B surface antibodies was 65.23%; the positive rate of hepatitis B surface antibodies in children aged 5 - 7 years old showed a decreasing trend; the normalized positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigens was 0.43%; the positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen in 5 children aged 3-7 years old was positive. 1 month after receiving hepatitis B vaccination ......