家庭健康教育对出院极低出生体重儿健康的影响(1)
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[摘要] 目的 探讨家庭健康教育对出院极低出生体重儿健康的影响。方法 100例患儿随机分为观察组和对照组，观察组给予出院后家庭健康教育，对照组只接受常规护理。经半年的随访，比较两组患儿的患病情况及生长发育情况。结果 两组患儿的呼吸系统感染、消化道疾病、皮肤黏膜感染、营养不良、再住院人数比较，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患儿的主要体格发育指标如体重、身长、头围差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)，观察组优于对照组。结论 科学系统的家庭健康教育干预可有效将院内看护向院外延伸，明显降低极低出生体重儿的患病率并促进其生长发育，值得临床推广应用。
[关键词] 健康教育；极低出生体重儿；生长发育
[中图分类号] R473.72 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2011)26-118-02
Effects of Family Health Education on Very Low Birth Weight Infants Discharged from Hospital
XU Yanfei
Department of Pediatrics， the People's Hospital of Yuyao， Yuyao 315400， China
[Abstract] Objective To explore effects of family health education on the health of very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) discharged from hospital. Methods One hundred cases of VLBWI were randomly divided into observation group and control group. Observation group received family health education after discharge and control group received only routine care. After six months of follow-up， growth and development， prevalence of illness of two groups were compared. Results Respiratory infections， gastrointestinal diseases， skin and mucous membrane infections， malnutrition and the number of rehospitalization of two groups were compared， and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The main indicators of physical development such as weight， length， head circumference of two groups had statistically significant differences (P<0.05)， and the observation group was better than the control group. Conclusion Scientific and systematic family health education intervention can effectively extend hospital care outside of hospital， and markedly reduce the prevalence of illness in VLBWI and promote their growth and development， is worthy of clinical application.
[Key words] Health education； Very low birth weight infant； Development
近年来，我国极低出生体重儿(very low birth weight infant，VLBWI)的出生率有明显上升趋势，我国的围产医学和新生儿重症监护技术也发展较快，因此极低出生体重儿的存活比例也逐年增加[1]。但是，大部分极低出生体重儿的母亲在生产后都面临着巨大的心理压力，她们普遍缺乏看护极低出生体重儿的相关知识，不知道在出院后如何照顾这些极低出生体重儿。针对这种现状，医院对这部分家庭及产妇实施系统的、科学的家庭健康教育就显得尤为重要。本研究即是探讨应用家庭健康教育对极低出生体重儿健康的影响，现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
2009年1月～2010年4月我院新生儿重症监护室监护的100例极低出生体重儿按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各50例 ......
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