经皮肾镜碎石术围手术期及术后并发症的护理效果观察(1)
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[摘要] 目的 探讨经皮肾镜钬激光碎石术(MPCNL)围手术期的护理干预效果，尤其探讨对术后并发症的观察和护理效果。方法 将2010年8月～2011年5月行MPCNL的58例患者随机分为干预组和对照组各29例，干预组给予系统的围手术期护理干预，包括术前护理、术后护理、并发症的观察及护理；对照组给予随机对症护理干预。比较两组的护理干预效果，总结并发症的原因、观察及相应的护理分析。结果 干预组的手术时间及住院时间短于对照组，但差异不显著。干预组的护理满意度明显高于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组的主要并发症包括发热8例、出血6例、感染3例，经过相应的治疗及护理，痊愈出院。其中干预组发生发热、出血及感染的并发症例数明显少于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组无一例发生胸膜损伤和低钠血症。结论 加强术前心理护理，做好术前准备、术后护理及并发症的防治和护理，有利于护理人员对MPCNL术后患者进行有针对性的病情观察和护理，提高护理满意度，降低术后并发症的发生率，使患者早日康复。
[关键词] 微创性；肾取石术；经皮；并发症；护理
[中图分类号] R473 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2011)33-88-03
Nursing Care Effect of Perioperative and Postoperative Complications of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Stone
CHEN Fang
Department of Urology，Pingyang County People's Hospital of Wenzhou City in Zhejing Province，Pingyang 325400，China
[Abstract] Objective To evaluate percutaneous nephrolithotomy holmium laser lithotripsy(PCNL)perioperative nursing intervention，in particular，the observation of the postoperative complications and care effect. Methods All 58 patients were randomly divided into intervention group and control group.Intervention group 29 patients received perioperative care system interventions，including preoperative care，postoperative care，complications of observation and care. Control group 29 patients was given random symptomatic nursing interventions，nursing intervention were compared，and summarized the reasons for complications，observation and analysis of appropriate care. Results The operation time and hospital stay of intervention group was shorter than the control group，but the difference was not significant. Intervention group was significantly higher satisfaction with care，the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Two major complications include fever 8 cases，bleeding 6 cases，infection 3 patients. After appropriate treatment and care，they were healed. Patients of intervention group had fever，bleeding and infection complications were significantly less than control group ......
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