远中牙槽微创修整对下颌无功能第一磨牙拔除后自然重建的临床观察(1)
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[摘要] 目的 探讨在拔除无功能下颌第一磨牙同时，行微创的远中牙槽嵴修整术对第二磨牙近中自然平移的影响。方法 选择8～12岁的儿童设计认定严格的适应证下56例，由于各种原因第一磨牙无法保守治疗的病例。对照组25例按统一的指征标准采取常规拔除，实验组31例在拔除牙以后对牙槽嵴修整，分阶段定期在曲面断层片上测量观察与第二磨牙的距离，对比观察两组病例第二磨牙移动的路线和速度。结果 观察时间3～4年，实验组第二磨牙移动的速度、形式与对照组有明显差别，对于解决牙弓后段存在的问题优势显著。结论 远中牙槽微创修整对下颌无功能第一磨牙拔除后，第二磨牙萌出加速，阻生减少，自然牙合重建加快。
[关键词] 第一磨牙拔除；远中牙槽微创修整；自然牙合重建立
[中图分类号] R783 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2011)33-151-02
Minimally Invasive Repair of Distal Alveolar Mandibular First Molar after Removal of Non-functional Nature Occlusal Reconstruction of the Clinical Observation
ZHANG Yi HU Shunguang
Dental Department of Shantou City Second People's Hospital，Shantou 515000，China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the influence of the removal of no function mandibular first molars while minimally invasive repair of distal alceolar surgery on the second molar in the translation of natural. Methods Choose the children aged 8-12 identified under strict adaptation levy 56 cases for various reasons that can not be the first molars of cases of conservative treatment. 25 cases of control group according to uniform standards for routine removal of indications，in the experimental group of 31 cases of alveolar ridge after tooth extraction finishing stages regularly shoot panoramic radiographs to measure the distance between observation and the second molar，observe and compared with the first two groups that were two molar movement and speed of the line. Results The observation time in 3-4 years，the speed，form of second molar's movement has a significant difference in the control group，after the arch section for solving problems in a significant advantage. Conclusion Far in the minimally invasive repair of mandibular alveolar non-functional after the removal of the first molar，second molar eruption acceleration，impacted reduced to speed up the natural occlusal reconstruction.
[Key words] First molar extraction；Distal alveolar minimally invasive repair；Natural (occlusal)re-establish
由于对第一磨牙的认知程度低，口腔卫生健康状况不良，早期防治不力，且萌出时间早﹑功能负荷重﹑恒牙龋齿常最先累及第一磨牙，极其容易出现残冠﹑残根。临床上经常碰到青少年患者首诊时第一磨牙已经失去了治疗的时机。在综合治疗中需要拔除第一磨牙。因此对这一类的第一磨牙拔除的指征，以及磨牙缺失的间隙关闭和的重建逐渐成为口腔医学界研究热点。通过设计拔除一组无保留意义的第一磨牙矫治错牙合的报道以及对牙伸长、磨耗不均、错等并发症的相关研究报道也日渐增多[1] ......
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