应用静脉留置针的护理安全管理方法及效果研究(1)
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[摘要] 目的 研究应用静脉留置针的护理安全管理方法及效果，确定其对临床的应用价值。方法 为防止静脉留置针操作中所出现的不良反应，我科室自2009年起开展安全护理的方法尤其在针对临床常见安全问题诸如导管脱出、导管堵塞、静脉炎等及时发现及时分析，制定安全管理条例，完善并落实于护理操作中。结果 实施安全护理以来，置管期间发生回血者18%，流速减慢者11%，出现导管堵塞5%，未发现感染、静脉炎等患者。相比未开展安全护理时不良反应发生率明显地降低(P<0.05)。 结论 熟练地掌握静脉留置针操作过程，针对置管中的不安全问题及时发现及时总结，建立安全护理条例，提高静脉留置针的使用效率。
[关键词] 静脉留置针；安全管理；不良反应
[中图分类号] R472 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2011)35-100-02
Study on the Management Methods of Safety Nursing and Effects in the Application of Venous Indwelling Needle
ZHAO Xiaoying HU Shuijuan MO Yanping
Department of Medical，the Second People's Hospital of Zhuji City in Zhejiang Province，Zhuji 311811， China
[Abstract] Objective To study the management methods of safety nursing and effects in the application of venous indwelling Needle， and to evaluate the clinical value of the methods and effects. Methods Safety nursing was developed since 2009 in our department in order to avoid adverse reactions in using venous indwelling needle. Some common security problems were found and analyzed in time， such as catheter herniation, catheter occlusion and phlebitis. Furthermore, safety management regulations were established and applied in nursing. Results Since practice of safety nursing, the rate of blood return, slow velocity and catheter occlusion was reduced to 18%, 11%, 5%, respectively. Infection and phlebitis were not found and adverse reactions rate was obviously lower than before. Conclusion Skillfully mastering the operation of venous indwelling needle, finding and summarizing some common security problems in time, establishing safety management regulations can improve the use efficiency of venous indwelling needle.
[Key words] Venous indwelling needle； Safety nursing；Adverse reactions
静脉留置针是临床常用给药途径，可有效发挥药物水平，提高药效，减少了反复穿刺带给患者的痛苦，提高了护理人员的工作质量。但临床使用中我们常见静脉留置针置管期间出现的相关不良反应，为有效防止静脉留置针使用操作中的不安全隐患，我科室自2009年对静脉留置针采取安全护理管理方案，效果较好，现报道如下。
1资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择2009年于我科室住院接受治疗的129例患者作为研究对象，其中男性79例，女性50例，年龄29～53岁，平均(39.4±7.9)岁，对其实施安全护理管理。所有患者均采用外周静脉穿刺留置针，取患者前臂及手背静脉网进行穿刺，并使用透明敷料覆盖留置针固定，使用纸胶带对肝素帽部位进行固定，输液完毕用肝素盐水正压封管。
1.2 安全护理措施
1.2.1 穿刺前给予患者及其家属的健康教育 护士应主动向患者及其家属讲解静脉穿刺的过程及全程需要的时间，告知静脉置管可减少药物对血管的损伤，是一种更加方便并减少副作用的措施。使其了解在静脉置管中可能发生的不良反应 ......
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