手术室的医院感染危险因素分析及管理对策(1)
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[摘要] 目的 讨论手术室的医院感染危险因素及管理对策。 方法 将279例手术病例随机分为两组：对照组122例接受常规护理管理措施，观察组157例在对照组的基础上接受全面护理措施。分别分析比较两组手术后空气菌落数、护士洗手后菌落数及术后发生医院感染的比例，同时对护理管理前后患者及家属的护理满意度进行调查。 结果 经过上述全面护理管理，手术后空气菌落数降至(92.1±46.7) cfu/m3，护士洗手后菌落数降至(2.1±0.9) cfu/m3，无1例发生手术室感染，均显著优于对照组(P < 0.05)；患者满意度也高达98.7%。 结论 应严格手术室消毒灭菌制度，加强医护人员的职业道德及素养，督促其积极学习预防感染相关知识，运用现代化管理理念及手段进一步降低手术室感染发生率。
[关键词] 手术室；医院感染；危险因素；管理对策
[中图分类号] R612 [文献标识码] C [文章编号] 1673-9701(2012)03-0121-03
Management measures and analysis of hospital infection risk factors in operating room
ZHENG Yi
Operating Room of Quzhou People′s Hospital in Zhejiang Province, Quzhou 324000, China
[Abstract] Objective To discuss analysis and management measures of the operating room hospital infection risk factor. Methods All of 279 cases of surgical pathology randomly were divided into two groups. 122 cases of control group were taken conventional care management measures, and the observation group 157 patients in the control group adopted comprehensive nursing measures. Compared the number of the nurse air colonies after washing their hands and several colonies occurred after the proportion of hospital infection, and nursing management of patients and family members between the two groups after the surgery before and after the care satisfaction survey. Results After the comprehensive nursing management, surgery to reduce the number of air colonies (92.1±46.7) cfu/m3, and the nurse hand washing the subsequent party colonies number dropped to (2.1±0.9) cfu/m3. No one case of operating room infection, and patient satisfaction and also was as high as 98.7%. Conclusion The operating room should be stricted disinfection system, strengthening medical personnel professional ethics and literacy. It need to urge the study activity to prevent infection related knowledge, meanwhile using modern management ideas and means to reduce the operating room infection rate.
[Key words] Operating room; Hospital infection; Risk factors; Management countermeasures
手术室是治疗、抢救病人的重要场所，也是院内感染的高发区，医院手术室感染不仅增加了病人的痛苦，加重了患者经济风险，也对病人的生命造成严重威胁。统计数据显示，手术室污染引起的术后感染占总感染比例的27%左右[1]。因此，分析及采取相应的护理管理对策，有效预防、避免手术室感染对降低院内感染发生率、缓解病人痛苦、提高医疗质量具有重要意义[2]。本组研究中，我们结合临床实践，采取全面的护理管理措施，预防手术室院内感染的发生，效果较好，现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
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