人工髋关节置换术与内固定术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的疗效比较(1)
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[摘要] 目的 对比分析人工髋关节置换术与内固定术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的临床疗效,为日后治疗老年股骨颈骨折提供有效的临床依据。 方法 选取来我院救治的42例老年股骨颈骨折的患者,随机分为对照组20例和观察组22例,对照组给予常规内固定手术方法进行治疗,观察组给予人工髋关节置换术治疗,比较两组的临床疗效、住院时间及两组术后患者并发症的发生情况。 结果 应用人工髋关节置换术治疗的总有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);住院时间与对照组相比时间明显缩短,且并发症发生率较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。 结论 应用人工髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折缩短了患者的住院时间,且临床疗效显著,并发症的发生率降低,值得临床推广应用。
[关键词] 髋关节置换;内固定术;股骨颈骨折;老年患者
[中图分类号] R684 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673—9701(2012)27—0022—02
Comparison of artificial hip replacement and internal fixation for femoral neck fracture in the elderly
ZENG Zhonghua
Department of Orthopedics, the People's Hospital of Qidong County in Hunan Province, Qidong 421600, China
[Abstract] Objective To analyze clinical curative effect of artificial hip replacement and internal fixation for femoral neck fracture in the elderly:. Methods All of 42 cases of femoral neck fractures in the elderly patients, were randomly divided into control group of 20 cases and observation group of 22 cases, the control group was given conventional internal fixation operation method, observation group was given artificial hip replacement, comparison of two clinical efficacy, duration of hospital stay and postoperative complications. Results The application of artificial hip replacement in the treatment of the total effective rate was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05); Length of hospital stay was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the incidence of complications was less than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Conclusion Artificial hip replacement can shorten the hospitalization time, reduce the rate of complications, and has significant clinical effect, worthy of clinical application.
[Key words] Hip replacement; Internal fixation; Femoral neck fractures; Aged patients
由于老年人骨质疏松、髋周肌肉群退变、反应迟钝或遭受严重外伤导致股骨颈骨折,出现髋部疼痛、腹股沟中点附近有压痛和纵轴叩击痛的临床表现[1]。目前治疗股骨颈骨折最有效的手段是手术治疗,促进骨折愈合、减少术后并发症的发生是治疗股骨颈骨折的首要目的。2008年1月~2011年1月我院因股骨颈骨折治疗的42例患者,分别应用内固定术和人工髋关节置换术治疗,比较其临床疗效,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择2008年1月~2011年1月42例因股骨颈骨折来我院治疗的老年患者,将其随机分为对照组20例,应用空心螺钉内固定术治疗;观察组22例,应用人工髋关节置换术治疗。对照组20例患者中男11例,女9例,年龄60~84岁,平均(65.8±2.3)岁;观察组22例患者中男10例,女12例,年龄60~79岁,平均(66.8±2.5)岁。纳入标准:经X线和CT检查明确诊断为Garden Ⅲ~Ⅳ型股骨颈骨折。排除陈旧性股骨颈骨折及病理性骨折等患者。骨折原因:摔伤28例,重物砸伤8例,其他原因6例。并发症:高血压病22例,冠心病5例,糖尿病8例。两组患者在性别、年龄、骨折分型等情况比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05),具有可比性。
1.2 治疗方法
1.2.1 术前准备 完善术前检查,排除合并有不能耐受手术的疾病及合并症的患者,避免患者在手术中出现其他意外,术前常规做1~7 d的皮牵引制动[2]。
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