不同膳食模式对海岛地区妊娠期高血压的干预及影响(1)
[摘要] 目的 探讨不同膳食模式对海岛地区妊娠期高血压的影响。 方法 选取本海岛某医院2013年1月～2016年12月收治的妊娠期高血压患者58例，将其分为研究组和对照组，研究组采用新型膳食结构治疗干预，对照组采用普通膳食结构治疗干预，比较两组患者4周后身体达标情况及患者对新型膳食结构的满意度。 结果 研究组体重、血压及营养情况达标例数比例明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；研究组总满意度为96.55%，对照组满意度79.31%，且研究组患者不满意例数明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 不同膳食结构对妊娠期高血压患者的康复不同，盐量摄入降低可有效减少高血压的发病，蛋奶类的摄入增加可调节自身营养供给，保证孕期女性及胎儿的健康成长。
[关键词] 膳食；妊娠期高血压；海岛；影响
[中图分类号] R714.246 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)13-0088-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of different dietary patterns on hypertension in pregnancy in the island. Methods A total of 58 patients with pregnancy hypertensive disorder admitted in a hospital of the island from January 2013 to December 2016 were chosen and randomly divided into study group and control group. The study group was treated with new dietary structure treatment nursing. The control group was treated with normal diet structural treatment care. The physical standard reaching and patient satisfaction with the new dietary structure treatment nursing between the two groups of patients after 4 weeks were compared. Results The weight， blood pressure and nutritional status of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05). The satisfaction rate was 96.55% in the study group and 79.31% in the control group， and the number of dissatisfied cases in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Different dietary patterns are different for rehabilitation in patients with pregnancy hypertensive disorder. The decrease of salt intake can effectively reduce the incidence of hypertension， and increasing the intake of egg milk can regulate the supply of self-nutrition and ensure the healthy growth of women and fetuses during pregnancy.
[Key words] Diet； Pregnancy hypertensive； Island； Effect
妊娠期高血压是女性在妊娠期一种特有的疾病，主要是由于遗传、糖尿病或慢性高血压史以及自身抵抗力差、营养不良引起的[1]。有资料显示，妊娠期高血压可导致孕期女性及胎儿不同程度的损伤，严重者可致其死亡，严重威胁孕期女性及胎儿的身心健康[2]。由于孕期运动量明显减少，肥胖也是导致高血压发病的原因之一，且高血压患者常伴有心血管、糖尿病，因此合理的膳食是保证妊娠期女性和胎儿营养吸收、身心健康的重要因素。脂联素是胰岛素的一种，帮助糖类的吸收，其水平高低可作为预测糖尿病的指标，临床可通过调节脂联素水平治疗糖尿病。
1资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
按照就医顺序随机选取本海岛某医院2013年1月～2016年12月收治的妊娠期高血压患者，共计58例。将以上患者随机分为研究组及对照组。年龄20～28岁，平均(23.12±2.23)岁，孕周20～30周，平均(23.28±1.05)周。其中研究组29例，年龄20～28岁，平均(25.08±0.26)岁，血压145～178/90～110 mmHg，平均血压(153.45±2.89)mmHg；对照组29例，年龄21～28岁，平均(24.83±0.69)岁，血压145～178/90～110 mmHg，平均血壓(155.23±1.78)mmHg。两组患者的年龄、孕周分布无统计学差异(P>0.05)，具有可比性。, http://www.100md.com(吕芸 施晓 章波儿)
[关键词] 膳食；妊娠期高血压；海岛；影响
[中图分类号] R714.246 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)13-0088-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of different dietary patterns on hypertension in pregnancy in the island. Methods A total of 58 patients with pregnancy hypertensive disorder admitted in a hospital of the island from January 2013 to December 2016 were chosen and randomly divided into study group and control group. The study group was treated with new dietary structure treatment nursing. The control group was treated with normal diet structural treatment care. The physical standard reaching and patient satisfaction with the new dietary structure treatment nursing between the two groups of patients after 4 weeks were compared. Results The weight， blood pressure and nutritional status of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05). The satisfaction rate was 96.55% in the study group and 79.31% in the control group， and the number of dissatisfied cases in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Different dietary patterns are different for rehabilitation in patients with pregnancy hypertensive disorder. The decrease of salt intake can effectively reduce the incidence of hypertension， and increasing the intake of egg milk can regulate the supply of self-nutrition and ensure the healthy growth of women and fetuses during pregnancy.
[Key words] Diet； Pregnancy hypertensive； Island； Effect
妊娠期高血压是女性在妊娠期一种特有的疾病，主要是由于遗传、糖尿病或慢性高血压史以及自身抵抗力差、营养不良引起的[1]。有资料显示，妊娠期高血压可导致孕期女性及胎儿不同程度的损伤，严重者可致其死亡，严重威胁孕期女性及胎儿的身心健康[2]。由于孕期运动量明显减少，肥胖也是导致高血压发病的原因之一，且高血压患者常伴有心血管、糖尿病，因此合理的膳食是保证妊娠期女性和胎儿营养吸收、身心健康的重要因素。脂联素是胰岛素的一种，帮助糖类的吸收，其水平高低可作为预测糖尿病的指标，临床可通过调节脂联素水平治疗糖尿病。
1资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
按照就医顺序随机选取本海岛某医院2013年1月～2016年12月收治的妊娠期高血压患者，共计58例。将以上患者随机分为研究组及对照组。年龄20～28岁，平均(23.12±2.23)岁，孕周20～30周，平均(23.28±1.05)周。其中研究组29例，年龄20～28岁，平均(25.08±0.26)岁，血压145～178/90～110 mmHg，平均血压(153.45±2.89)mmHg；对照组29例，年龄21～28岁，平均(24.83±0.69)岁，血压145～178/90～110 mmHg，平均血壓(155.23±1.78)mmHg。两组患者的年龄、孕周分布无统计学差异(P>0.05)，具有可比性。, http://www.100md.com(吕芸 施晓 章波儿)