念珠菌阴道炎影响因素分析及干预效果研究(1)
[摘要] 目的 调查念珠菌阴道炎发病的影响因素并探讨有效的干预方法。 方法 通过问卷调查，了解VVC的易感因素，干预组进行常规治疗及健康教育，常规组只进行常规治疗。 结果 结果表明发病前使用抗生素(OR=2.229)、内裤与袜子一起洗(OR=2.694)、常穿紧身内裤(OR=2.001)、喜欢吃甜食(OR=1.571)、近期洗浴游泳(OR=1.705)是其发病的高危因素，而每天清水洗外阴(OR=0.449)、太阳常晒内裤(OR=0.733)、使用避孕套避孕(OR=0.342)是保护因素。干预后干预组治疗效果明显，随访半年干预组患者的复发率(8.0%)低于常规(23.0%)，差异有统计学意义。 结论 外阴阴道念珠菌病的发生与多方面因素有关，健康教育能降低其复发率。
[关键词] 念珠菌阴道炎；影响因素；健康教育；复发率
[中图分类号] R711.3 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)27-0059-03
Analysis of the influencing factors of candida vaginitis and study on the intervention effect
JIA Genmei
Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University， Nanjing 210004， China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the influencing factors of Candida vaginitis and explore the effective intervention methods. Methods Through the questionnaire survey， the vulnerability of VVC factors was understood. The intervention group was given routine treatment and health education， and the routine group was only given routine treatment. Results The results showed that application of antibiotics before onset of disease(OR=2.229)， underwear being washed together with socks (OR=2.694)， tight underwear being worn often(OR=2.001)， eating sweets often(OR=1.571)，bathing and swimming in recent times(OR=1.705) were the high risk factors of VVC.By contrast，cleaning vulva with clean water daily(OR=0.449)， underwear shone by the sun(OR=0.733)，use of condoms for contraception(OR=0.342) were protective factors. After intervention，the curative effect was significant in intervention group.The recurrence rate(8.0%) was lower in the intervention group than in the routine group(23.0%)， and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The occurrence of vulvovaginal candidiasis is related to many factors， and health education can reduce the recurrence rate.
[Key words] Candida vaginitis； Influencing factors； Health education； Recurrent rate
念珠菌性阴道炎(vulvovaginal candidiasis，VVC)是由念珠菌感染引起的外阴阴道炎症，是常见的妇女外阴阴道炎症之一。其主要症状为白带增多、阴道灼热瘙痒、排尿困难等，随着病情的迁延，患者可能会出现盆腔炎、子宫内膜炎等，严重影响妇女的生活质量[1]。据报道有75%的育龄女性至少患过1次外阴阴道念珠菌病[2]。念珠菌性阴道炎大多数一经治疗即可痊愈，但少数妇女却反复发作。若1年内发作4次及以上称为复发性念珠菌性阴道炎[3]。临床上治疗念珠菌性阴道炎的方法较多，但由于受病原体和机体双方面的多种因素影响，该病迁延难愈，且复发率较高[4]。本研究通过问卷调査了解念珠菌性陰道炎的易感因素，并采取有效的健康教育，为临床更好地开展防治工作提供科学依据，现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择2014年2～12月就诊于本院妇科门诊并确诊为念珠菌阴道炎者302例为病例组，同时选择296例无生殖道炎症者作为对照组。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 问卷调查 对302例念珠菌性阴道炎患者和296例非患者进行问卷调查，调查表内容主要包括文化程度、月经史、孕产史、既往疾病史、生活卫生习惯及抗生素使用史等。调查前对全部调查人员进行培训，合格后进行问卷调查，调查全部由南京市妇幼保健院的医师承担。, http://www.100md.com(贾根梅)
[关键词] 念珠菌阴道炎；影响因素；健康教育；复发率
[中图分类号] R711.3 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)27-0059-03
Analysis of the influencing factors of candida vaginitis and study on the intervention effect
JIA Genmei
Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University， Nanjing 210004， China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the influencing factors of Candida vaginitis and explore the effective intervention methods. Methods Through the questionnaire survey， the vulnerability of VVC factors was understood. The intervention group was given routine treatment and health education， and the routine group was only given routine treatment. Results The results showed that application of antibiotics before onset of disease(OR=2.229)， underwear being washed together with socks (OR=2.694)， tight underwear being worn often(OR=2.001)， eating sweets often(OR=1.571)，bathing and swimming in recent times(OR=1.705) were the high risk factors of VVC.By contrast，cleaning vulva with clean water daily(OR=0.449)， underwear shone by the sun(OR=0.733)，use of condoms for contraception(OR=0.342) were protective factors. After intervention，the curative effect was significant in intervention group.The recurrence rate(8.0%) was lower in the intervention group than in the routine group(23.0%)， and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The occurrence of vulvovaginal candidiasis is related to many factors， and health education can reduce the recurrence rate.
[Key words] Candida vaginitis； Influencing factors； Health education； Recurrent rate
念珠菌性阴道炎(vulvovaginal candidiasis，VVC)是由念珠菌感染引起的外阴阴道炎症，是常见的妇女外阴阴道炎症之一。其主要症状为白带增多、阴道灼热瘙痒、排尿困难等，随着病情的迁延，患者可能会出现盆腔炎、子宫内膜炎等，严重影响妇女的生活质量[1]。据报道有75%的育龄女性至少患过1次外阴阴道念珠菌病[2]。念珠菌性阴道炎大多数一经治疗即可痊愈，但少数妇女却反复发作。若1年内发作4次及以上称为复发性念珠菌性阴道炎[3]。临床上治疗念珠菌性阴道炎的方法较多，但由于受病原体和机体双方面的多种因素影响，该病迁延难愈，且复发率较高[4]。本研究通过问卷调査了解念珠菌性陰道炎的易感因素，并采取有效的健康教育，为临床更好地开展防治工作提供科学依据，现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择2014年2～12月就诊于本院妇科门诊并确诊为念珠菌阴道炎者302例为病例组，同时选择296例无生殖道炎症者作为对照组。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 问卷调查 对302例念珠菌性阴道炎患者和296例非患者进行问卷调查，调查表内容主要包括文化程度、月经史、孕产史、既往疾病史、生活卫生习惯及抗生素使用史等。调查前对全部调查人员进行培训，合格后进行问卷调查，调查全部由南京市妇幼保健院的医师承担。, http://www.100md.com(贾根梅)