曲安奈德泪阜下注射联合翼状胬肉切除术的临床观察(1)
[摘要] 目的 探讨曲安奈德泪阜下注射联合翼状胬肉切除术对控制术后复发的疗效。 方法 选择2016年1~11月期间收治26只翼状胬肉眼,常规翼状胬肉切除术后,曲安奈德注射液4 mg行泪阜下注射。观察术后球结膜是否有结膜下翼状胬肉样组织增生及角膜愈合情况、角膜缘新生血管。 结果 术后1~2 d,26只眼均结膜平复、充血减轻、胬肉完全消退;角膜上皮修复、无新生血管、无胬肉增生。随访6~8个月,平均(7±2)个月,其中,26只眼复发1只眼,复发病例为3型。复发病例表现为:内侧结膜充血,结膜下翼状胬肉样组织增生,但侵入角膜小于2 mm。结论 曲安奈德注射液泪阜下注射对控制翼状胬肉术后复发有一定疗效。
[关键词] 翼状胬肉;泪阜;睑裂斑;曲安奈德;新生血管
[中图分类号] R779.6 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)36-0067-04
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the curative effect of triamcinolone acetonide injection below the lacrimal caruncle combined with pterygium excision in controlling postoperative recurrence. Methods 26 eyes with pterygium from January to November in 2016 were selected. After conventional pterygium excision, 4 mg of triamcinolone acetonide injection was injected below the lacrimal caruncle into the lesion. Whether the bulbar conjunctiva had the subconjunctival pterygium-like tissue hyperplasia, corneal healing, limbal neovascularization were observed. Results At 1-2 days after surgery, the conjunctiva was flat, the congestion reduced and flesh completely subsided, corneal epithelial was repaired in 26 eyes, and there were no neovascularization or proliferation of pterygium. All the patients were followed up for 6-8 months, with an average of(7±2) months. Among them, 26 eyes had one case of recurrence with type 3. The manifestations of recurrence cases inluded medial conjunctival hyperemia, subconjunctival pterygium tissue-like proliferation, while the invasion of the cornea was less than 2 mm. Conclusion Triamcinolone acetonide injection below the lacrimal caruncle has some effect in controlling postoperative recurrence of pterygium.
[Key words] Pterygium; Lacrimal caruncle; Pinguecula; Triamcinolone acetonide; Neovascularizatin
翼状胬肉是眼科的常见病,严重时不仅影响视功能,而且有碍美观,目前无理想控制方法。翼状胬肉是由增殖的球结膜侵袭到角膜上皮的病变组织,呈三角形,如翼状。只限于睑裂部,多见于鼻侧,是纤维结缔组织的变性。鼻侧角膜缘相邻处的球结膜侵袭到角膜上,呈三角形逐渐向角膜中央生长,侵及前弹性层和浅基质层。其尖端称为头,角膜缘处为颈,球结膜上为体。翼状胬肉上有血管水平走行,进行性的翼状胬肉充血尤为显著,组织肥厚,头部前方角膜上有点状浸润。主要治疗方法是手术,但术后复发率高,复发的翼状胬肉,因瘢痕组织增多,睑球粘连,眼球运动障碍,手术更为困难,常需黏膜移植[1],降低复发率的手术方法一直是翼状胬肉手术研究的重要课题。现在手术方法很多,在控制复发及手术的难易程度上各有其特点。本研究采用曲安奈德行泪阜下注射联合翼状胬肉切除的方法治疗翼状胬肉,在控制复发上收到一定效果,而且手术操作简单,易于掌握,现报道如下。
1资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
共手术患者26例,26只眼,男15例,女11例,最大年龄68岁,最小年龄40岁。分型:1型,胬肉较薄,血管少,增生轻,可见下面组织;3型,胬肉组织肥厚,隆起,充血明显;2型介于两者之间,其中1型8例,2型13例,3型5例,所有病例胬肉组织长入角膜均超过2 mm。
1.2 方法
手术均在显微镜下操作。术眼常规消毒铺无菌孔巾,倍诺喜(盐酸奥布卡因)滴眼液(参天制药株式会社Santen Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. ;国药准字J20100128;规格20 mL:80 mg)表面麻醉,2%盐酸利多卡因注射液(河北天成药业股份有限公司;国药准字H13022313;规格5 mL:0.1 g)0.5 mL,加入0.1%盐酸肾上腺素注射液[远大医药(中国)有限公司 ;国药准字H42021700;规格:1 mL:1 mg]3滴(高血压及心脏病患者慎用),注射到胬肉处结膜下,使之隆起,局部浸润麻醉。开睑器撑开眼睑,用有齿镊夹住翼状胬肉头部,从其边缘0.5 mm处做浅层角膜切开,仔细彻底地将胬肉组织與角膜组织钝性分离到角膜缘,剥离胬肉组织后的角膜表面要光滑、平整、干净,切记不要残留任何血管纤维增生性组织,一定要尽量注意不要损伤到角膜实质层,尤其不能穿通角膜。剪开胬肉体两侧球结膜,分离球结膜与翼状胬肉组织,向体部分离直达泪阜前;分离角巩膜缘处的粘连,钝性分离巩膜上组织[2],此时如巩膜有出血可电凝止血,且一定要注意区分内直肌腱及与巩膜的附着处,注意切勿损伤内直肌,更不能切断内直肌。切除已分离的胬肉组织至泪阜前,如有睑裂斑的改变要切除。剔除角膜上的胬肉组织,巩膜表面要仔细刮切,使其光滑平整,结膜切口两端做两针张力缝合覆盖全部创面,不留暴露区。取曲安奈德注射液(昆明积大制药股份有限公司;国药准字H53021604;规格1 mL/40 mg )4 mg,注射到泪阜处结膜下。结膜囊涂妥布霉素地塞米松眼药膏(ALCON CUSI s.a.;进口药品注册标准:JX20150358;进口药品注册证号H20160337;规格3.5 g(妥布霉素10.5 mg,地塞米松3.5 mg),加压包扎,手术结束。术后点妥布霉素地塞米松滴眼液(s.a. ALCON-COUVREUR n.v.;进口药品注册标准JX20110199;进口药品注册证号H20150119;规格5 mL(妥布霉素15 mg,地塞米松5 mg)或涂妥布霉素地塞米松眼药膏,每日3~4次,可根据局部充血情况确定点药时间及次数,有利于减轻水肿和炎症反应,并减少新生血管。术后一周拆线,避免与刺激因素接触。, http://www.100md.com(吴蔷茵 于大仆)
[关键词] 翼状胬肉;泪阜;睑裂斑;曲安奈德;新生血管
[中图分类号] R779.6 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)36-0067-04
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the curative effect of triamcinolone acetonide injection below the lacrimal caruncle combined with pterygium excision in controlling postoperative recurrence. Methods 26 eyes with pterygium from January to November in 2016 were selected. After conventional pterygium excision, 4 mg of triamcinolone acetonide injection was injected below the lacrimal caruncle into the lesion. Whether the bulbar conjunctiva had the subconjunctival pterygium-like tissue hyperplasia, corneal healing, limbal neovascularization were observed. Results At 1-2 days after surgery, the conjunctiva was flat, the congestion reduced and flesh completely subsided, corneal epithelial was repaired in 26 eyes, and there were no neovascularization or proliferation of pterygium. All the patients were followed up for 6-8 months, with an average of(7±2) months. Among them, 26 eyes had one case of recurrence with type 3. The manifestations of recurrence cases inluded medial conjunctival hyperemia, subconjunctival pterygium tissue-like proliferation, while the invasion of the cornea was less than 2 mm. Conclusion Triamcinolone acetonide injection below the lacrimal caruncle has some effect in controlling postoperative recurrence of pterygium.
[Key words] Pterygium; Lacrimal caruncle; Pinguecula; Triamcinolone acetonide; Neovascularizatin
翼状胬肉是眼科的常见病,严重时不仅影响视功能,而且有碍美观,目前无理想控制方法。翼状胬肉是由增殖的球结膜侵袭到角膜上皮的病变组织,呈三角形,如翼状。只限于睑裂部,多见于鼻侧,是纤维结缔组织的变性。鼻侧角膜缘相邻处的球结膜侵袭到角膜上,呈三角形逐渐向角膜中央生长,侵及前弹性层和浅基质层。其尖端称为头,角膜缘处为颈,球结膜上为体。翼状胬肉上有血管水平走行,进行性的翼状胬肉充血尤为显著,组织肥厚,头部前方角膜上有点状浸润。主要治疗方法是手术,但术后复发率高,复发的翼状胬肉,因瘢痕组织增多,睑球粘连,眼球运动障碍,手术更为困难,常需黏膜移植[1],降低复发率的手术方法一直是翼状胬肉手术研究的重要课题。现在手术方法很多,在控制复发及手术的难易程度上各有其特点。本研究采用曲安奈德行泪阜下注射联合翼状胬肉切除的方法治疗翼状胬肉,在控制复发上收到一定效果,而且手术操作简单,易于掌握,现报道如下。
1资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
共手术患者26例,26只眼,男15例,女11例,最大年龄68岁,最小年龄40岁。分型:1型,胬肉较薄,血管少,增生轻,可见下面组织;3型,胬肉组织肥厚,隆起,充血明显;2型介于两者之间,其中1型8例,2型13例,3型5例,所有病例胬肉组织长入角膜均超过2 mm。
1.2 方法
手术均在显微镜下操作。术眼常规消毒铺无菌孔巾,倍诺喜(盐酸奥布卡因)滴眼液(参天制药株式会社Santen Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. ;国药准字J20100128;规格20 mL:80 mg)表面麻醉,2%盐酸利多卡因注射液(河北天成药业股份有限公司;国药准字H13022313;规格5 mL:0.1 g)0.5 mL,加入0.1%盐酸肾上腺素注射液[远大医药(中国)有限公司 ;国药准字H42021700;规格:1 mL:1 mg]3滴(高血压及心脏病患者慎用),注射到胬肉处结膜下,使之隆起,局部浸润麻醉。开睑器撑开眼睑,用有齿镊夹住翼状胬肉头部,从其边缘0.5 mm处做浅层角膜切开,仔细彻底地将胬肉组织與角膜组织钝性分离到角膜缘,剥离胬肉组织后的角膜表面要光滑、平整、干净,切记不要残留任何血管纤维增生性组织,一定要尽量注意不要损伤到角膜实质层,尤其不能穿通角膜。剪开胬肉体两侧球结膜,分离球结膜与翼状胬肉组织,向体部分离直达泪阜前;分离角巩膜缘处的粘连,钝性分离巩膜上组织[2],此时如巩膜有出血可电凝止血,且一定要注意区分内直肌腱及与巩膜的附着处,注意切勿损伤内直肌,更不能切断内直肌。切除已分离的胬肉组织至泪阜前,如有睑裂斑的改变要切除。剔除角膜上的胬肉组织,巩膜表面要仔细刮切,使其光滑平整,结膜切口两端做两针张力缝合覆盖全部创面,不留暴露区。取曲安奈德注射液(昆明积大制药股份有限公司;国药准字H53021604;规格1 mL/40 mg )4 mg,注射到泪阜处结膜下。结膜囊涂妥布霉素地塞米松眼药膏(ALCON CUSI s.a.;进口药品注册标准:JX20150358;进口药品注册证号H20160337;规格3.5 g(妥布霉素10.5 mg,地塞米松3.5 mg),加压包扎,手术结束。术后点妥布霉素地塞米松滴眼液(s.a. ALCON-COUVREUR n.v.;进口药品注册标准JX20110199;进口药品注册证号H20150119;规格5 mL(妥布霉素15 mg,地塞米松5 mg)或涂妥布霉素地塞米松眼药膏,每日3~4次,可根据局部充血情况确定点药时间及次数,有利于减轻水肿和炎症反应,并减少新生血管。术后一周拆线,避免与刺激因素接触。, http://www.100md.com(吴蔷茵 于大仆)