2015~2017年浙江省台州医院门诊口服镇静催眠药的临床应用分析(1)
[摘要] 目的 了解2015~2017年我院门诊口服镇静催眠药的使用情况及变化规律,为临床合理用药提供参考。 方法 根据从门诊西药房管理信息系统中搜索的数据材料,回顾性统计分析3年内口服镇静催眠药的销售金额、用药频度(DDDs)、日均费用(DDC)和排序比(B/A)等情况。 结果 3年内我院口服镇静催眠药的销售金额年增长率分别为60.33%和52.46%;奥沙西泮在引进之后迅速得到临床的青睐,DDDs值成倍增长,排名上升到第4位;这3年奥沙西泮的DDC值相对最高且几无变化,表示该药的每日消耗费用的一直处于高水平状态,提示临床医生不要将其做为失眠的首选药。唑吡坦作为一种新型镇静催眠药其排序比(B/A)在逐渐接近1,同步性越来越好,满足患者的需要。 结论 临床医师应当合理选择药物,使患者的经济效益和社会效益得到满足。
[关键词] 镇静催眠药;用药频度;日均费用;奥沙西泮;唑吡坦
[中图分类号] R95 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2019)04-0100-04
[Abstract] Objective To understand the use and principle of changes of oral sedative and hypnotic drugs in the outpatient clinic in our hospital from 2015 to 2017, so as to provide references for clinical rational drug use. Methods According to the data and materials retrieved from the outpatient western pharmacy management information system, the total amount of sales, defined daily doses (DDDs), defined daily cost (DDC), and sorting ratio (B/A) of oral sedative and hypnotic drugs within 3 years were retrospectively analyzed. Results The annual growth rates of the amount of sales of oral sedative and hypnotic drugs in our hospital in the past 3 years were 60.33% and 52.46%, respectively; oxazepam quickly gained clinical favor after its introduction. The value of DDDs was doubled, and its ranking was increased to the 4th place; the DDC value of oxazepam in the past 3 years was relatively highest and was not changed, indicating that the daily consumption cost of the drug had been at a high level. This suggested that clinicians not use it as the drug of choice for insomnia. As a new type of sedative and hypnotic drug, the B/A of zolpidem was gradually approaching 1, and the synchronism was getting better and better, which met the needs of patients. Conclusion Clinicians should rationally choose drugs to meet the economic and social benefits of patients.
[Key words] Sedative and hypnotic drugs; Defined daily doses (DDDs); Defined daily cost (DDC); Oxazepam; Zolpidem
失眠是指無法入睡或无法保持睡眠状态,以致睡眠不足而引发各种异常表现及相关疾病,是一种常见病、多发病,严重影响人们的正常生活、工作和学习。有资料证实,长期失眠患者意外事故的发生和外伤的引起明显高于普通人[1]。近年科研工作者一直在致力于助眠方式、方法和镇静催眠药的研究。常用的镇静催眠药包括苯二氮类、巴比妥类及新型非苯二氮类药物,主要用于镇静、催眠,减轻焦虑和紧张状态,稳定情绪等。临床应用十分普及,随之而来的是药物不良反应的加深加重,一些药品的滥用和药费无序增长现象不断恶化。为了更好地了解镇静催眠药的使用情况和应用特点,现对2015~2017年我院门诊口服镇静催眠药的临床应用情况进行统计、分析,从而为临床合理用药提供参考。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
从门诊西药房管理信息系统中搜索2015年1月~2017年12月口服镇静催眠药的相关数据材料,包括药品名称、规格、发药数量和发药金额等。
1.2 方法
应用Microsoft Excel办公软件,对镇静催眠药的品种、销售金额和用药剂量进行分类、统计、排序,并计算出用药频度(DDDs)、日均费用(DDC)和排序比(B/A)作对比分析。DDD是指为达到主要治疗目的而用于成人的平均日剂量,数值参考《新编药物学》第17版[2],同时结合药品说明书及本院临床用药习惯。DDDs=药品的年消耗量/该药的DDD值,是用药强度的评价指标,数值越大表明用药人次越多,使用频率较高,反映临床对该药的选择性较大。DDC=药品的年销售金额/该药的DDDs值,表示使用该药每日消耗费用的平均水平,其数值越大说明患者经济负担越重。排序比(B/A)=药品的销售金额排序(B)/DDDs排序(A),反映销售金额和DDDs是否同步,数值接近1表明同步性好,药价与患者接受程度相近,经济效益与社会效益同时兼顾,反之则差[3]。, 百拇医药(刘志伟 王丽 张波)
[关键词] 镇静催眠药;用药频度;日均费用;奥沙西泮;唑吡坦
[中图分类号] R95 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2019)04-0100-04
[Abstract] Objective To understand the use and principle of changes of oral sedative and hypnotic drugs in the outpatient clinic in our hospital from 2015 to 2017, so as to provide references for clinical rational drug use. Methods According to the data and materials retrieved from the outpatient western pharmacy management information system, the total amount of sales, defined daily doses (DDDs), defined daily cost (DDC), and sorting ratio (B/A) of oral sedative and hypnotic drugs within 3 years were retrospectively analyzed. Results The annual growth rates of the amount of sales of oral sedative and hypnotic drugs in our hospital in the past 3 years were 60.33% and 52.46%, respectively; oxazepam quickly gained clinical favor after its introduction. The value of DDDs was doubled, and its ranking was increased to the 4th place; the DDC value of oxazepam in the past 3 years was relatively highest and was not changed, indicating that the daily consumption cost of the drug had been at a high level. This suggested that clinicians not use it as the drug of choice for insomnia. As a new type of sedative and hypnotic drug, the B/A of zolpidem was gradually approaching 1, and the synchronism was getting better and better, which met the needs of patients. Conclusion Clinicians should rationally choose drugs to meet the economic and social benefits of patients.
[Key words] Sedative and hypnotic drugs; Defined daily doses (DDDs); Defined daily cost (DDC); Oxazepam; Zolpidem
失眠是指無法入睡或无法保持睡眠状态,以致睡眠不足而引发各种异常表现及相关疾病,是一种常见病、多发病,严重影响人们的正常生活、工作和学习。有资料证实,长期失眠患者意外事故的发生和外伤的引起明显高于普通人[1]。近年科研工作者一直在致力于助眠方式、方法和镇静催眠药的研究。常用的镇静催眠药包括苯二氮类、巴比妥类及新型非苯二氮类药物,主要用于镇静、催眠,减轻焦虑和紧张状态,稳定情绪等。临床应用十分普及,随之而来的是药物不良反应的加深加重,一些药品的滥用和药费无序增长现象不断恶化。为了更好地了解镇静催眠药的使用情况和应用特点,现对2015~2017年我院门诊口服镇静催眠药的临床应用情况进行统计、分析,从而为临床合理用药提供参考。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
从门诊西药房管理信息系统中搜索2015年1月~2017年12月口服镇静催眠药的相关数据材料,包括药品名称、规格、发药数量和发药金额等。
1.2 方法
应用Microsoft Excel办公软件,对镇静催眠药的品种、销售金额和用药剂量进行分类、统计、排序,并计算出用药频度(DDDs)、日均费用(DDC)和排序比(B/A)作对比分析。DDD是指为达到主要治疗目的而用于成人的平均日剂量,数值参考《新编药物学》第17版[2],同时结合药品说明书及本院临床用药习惯。DDDs=药品的年消耗量/该药的DDD值,是用药强度的评价指标,数值越大表明用药人次越多,使用频率较高,反映临床对该药的选择性较大。DDC=药品的年销售金额/该药的DDDs值,表示使用该药每日消耗费用的平均水平,其数值越大说明患者经济负担越重。排序比(B/A)=药品的销售金额排序(B)/DDDs排序(A),反映销售金额和DDDs是否同步,数值接近1表明同步性好,药价与患者接受程度相近,经济效益与社会效益同时兼顾,反之则差[3]。, 百拇医药(刘志伟 王丽 张波)