杭州市某区失独家庭心理健康状况、影响因素及预防对策(1)
[摘要] 目的 調查失独家庭心理健康状况及影响因素，为促进失独家庭心理健康提供科学预防对策。 方法 采用整群抽样的方法，于2018年7～8月随机抽取杭州市某区失独家庭169户为研究对象，采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)测量其心理健康状况及社会支持程度。 结果 失独家庭总体心理健康状况不佳，失独者中男女两性间比较，女性在躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、恐惧、精神病性、寝食状态等多个因子上得分均显著高于男性(P<0.05)。子女死因不同的失独者间比较，除精神病性因子(P<0.05)外，其他各因子得分无差异。不同失独年限间比较发现，失独5年及以下者在强迫症状、抑郁、敌对和精神病性因子得分上显著高于5年以上者(P<0.05)。不同支持状态间比较，除躯体化因子外，支持状态越高的失独者SCL-90各因子得分越低(P<0.05)。 结论 失独家庭心理健康状况明显受到影响，应在事发后及时提供心理危机干预及持续的心理支持，同时提高他们的社会支持水平。
[关键词] 失独家庭;失独者;心理健康;症状自评量表;社会支持
[中图分类号] R844 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2019)30-0001-04
Mental health status， influencing factors and preventive measures of the loss-of-single-child family in a certain district of Hangzhou
XU Lianlian1 WANG Jinhua2 WU Huaineng1 RONG Chao3 SONG Mingfen1 MAO Hongjing1
1.Department of Psychiatry， Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital， Hangzhou 310013， China; 2.Department of Public Health， Hangzhou Yuhang District Health and Planning Bureau， Hangzhou 310000， China; 3.College of Humanities and Management， Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Hangzhou 310000， China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the mental health status and influencing factors of the loss-of-single-child family， and to provide scientific preventive measures to promote the mental health of loss-of-single-child family. Methods Cluster sampling method was used. 169 loss-of-single-child families in a certain district of Hangzhou from July to August 2018 were randomly selected as research objects. The Symptom Checklist(SCL-90) and the Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS) were used to measure their mental health status and social support degree. Results The overall mental health status of the loss-of-single-child persons was poor. The scores of somatic， obsessive-compulsive， depression， anxiety， fear， psychosis， and bedtime status in females were significantly higher than those of males(P<0.05). There was no difference in the scores of other factors except for the psychotic factors among loss-of-single-child families with different death causes of children(P<0.05). By comparing the different years of loss-of-single-child， it was found that the scores of obsessive-compulsive symptoms， depression， hostility and psychotic factors were significantly higher than those of 5 years or more(P<0.05). The different support states were compared. Except for the somatization factor， the higher the support status， the lower the score of SCL-90 factors(P<0.05). Conclusion The mental health status of the loss-of-single-child family is obviously affected. Psychological crisis intervention and continuous psychological support should be provided in time after the incident， and their social support level should be improved., 百拇医药(徐莲莲 王金花 吴怀能)
[关键词] 失独家庭;失独者;心理健康;症状自评量表;社会支持
[中图分类号] R844 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2019)30-0001-04
Mental health status， influencing factors and preventive measures of the loss-of-single-child family in a certain district of Hangzhou
XU Lianlian1 WANG Jinhua2 WU Huaineng1 RONG Chao3 SONG Mingfen1 MAO Hongjing1
1.Department of Psychiatry， Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital， Hangzhou 310013， China; 2.Department of Public Health， Hangzhou Yuhang District Health and Planning Bureau， Hangzhou 310000， China; 3.College of Humanities and Management， Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Hangzhou 310000， China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the mental health status and influencing factors of the loss-of-single-child family， and to provide scientific preventive measures to promote the mental health of loss-of-single-child family. Methods Cluster sampling method was used. 169 loss-of-single-child families in a certain district of Hangzhou from July to August 2018 were randomly selected as research objects. The Symptom Checklist(SCL-90) and the Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS) were used to measure their mental health status and social support degree. Results The overall mental health status of the loss-of-single-child persons was poor. The scores of somatic， obsessive-compulsive， depression， anxiety， fear， psychosis， and bedtime status in females were significantly higher than those of males(P<0.05). There was no difference in the scores of other factors except for the psychotic factors among loss-of-single-child families with different death causes of children(P<0.05). By comparing the different years of loss-of-single-child， it was found that the scores of obsessive-compulsive symptoms， depression， hostility and psychotic factors were significantly higher than those of 5 years or more(P<0.05). The different support states were compared. Except for the somatization factor， the higher the support status， the lower the score of SCL-90 factors(P<0.05). Conclusion The mental health status of the loss-of-single-child family is obviously affected. Psychological crisis intervention and continuous psychological support should be provided in time after the incident， and their social support level should be improved., 百拇医药(徐莲莲 王金花 吴怀能)