李昊 谢向东 韩国辉 张雁儒

    [摘要] 目的 了解本地区脑卒中高危人群危险因素暴露情况及分布状况，为焦作市脑卒中防治工作提供参考依据。方法 2020年8—12月，采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法抽取焦作市≥18岁常驻居民5385名进行问卷调查和体格检查，采用χ2检验、Logistic回归模型和决策树模型进行数据分析。 结果 排除不合格问卷后，共有5316名研究对象，筛查出763名高危对象，检出率为14.35%。前三位危险因素分别为高血压(83.36%)、血脂异常(72.87%)和明显超重或肥胖(42.20%)。高危人群检出率：男性(21.18%)高于女性(10.20%)，中老年(老年：17.55%、中年：15.07%)高于青年(9.16%)。二元Logistic回歸分析和决策树穷举CHAID分类树分析结果相似，吸烟史和糖尿病与脑卒中的发病存在较高的关联性。 结论 焦作市城乡居民中脑卒中高危人群占比较多，发病风险较高，应重点针对高危人群采取全方位干预措施，降低人群患病率。

    [关键词] 脑卒中;高危人群;高血压;危险因素

    [中图分类号] R743.3? ? ? ? ? [文献标识码] B? ? ? ? ? [文章编号] 1673-9701(2021)32-0150-05

    [Abstract] Objective To understand the exposure and distribution of risk factors in high-risk groups of stroke in this region， so as to provide a reference basis for the prevention and treatment of stroke in Jiaozuo City. Methods From August to December 2020， a total of 5385 residents aged more than 18 years in Jiaozuo City were selected as the study subjects according to a multistage stratified random sampling method. These study subjects all participated in a questionnaire survey and underwent physical examination， and the data were analyzed by χ2 test ......