程玺 宋云林

    [摘要] 先天性心脏病术后的液体管理极为重要，针对接受心脏外科手术的患儿，术后发生液体超负荷的风险极大，而术后早期液体超负荷与患儿较差的预后独立相关。先天性心脏病术后出现的液体过载有延长术后伤口愈合、增加伤口感染率、导致急性肺水肿、增加急性肾损伤及多脏器功能衰竭发生的风险。早期液体负平衡管理疗法应用在先天性心脏病患儿术后的治疗中取得令人满意的效果，可改善患儿心肺功能、缩短患儿术后恢复时间，减少住院时间，节约医疗资源，值得在临床推广使用。

    [关键词] 液体超负荷;液体负平衡;婴幼儿;先心病

    [中图分类号] R726.5? ? ? ? ? [文献标识码] A? ? ? ? ? [文章编号] 1673-9701(2021)32-0188-05

    [Abstract] Fluid management after congenital heart surgery is extremely important. For children undergoing cardiac surgery， there is a great risk of fluid overload after surgery. Early postoperative fluid overload is independently associated with a poor prognosis in children. Fluid overload after congenital heart surgery may prolong postoperative wound healing， increase the risk of wound infection， cause acute pulmonary edema， and increase the risk of acute kidney injury and multiple organ failure. The application of early negative fluid balance management therapy in the postoperative treatment of children with congenital heart disease has achieved satisfactory results. It can improve the cardiopulmonary function of the children， shorten the postoperative recovery time of the children ......