王雪春 朱影 黄常新

    [摘要] 近年来，免疫检查点抑制剂和嵌合抗原受体免疫疗法(CAR-T)因其显著的治疗有效率，已成为某些肿瘤的“特效药”。新抗原作为肿瘤的特异性抗原，可激活细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)，发挥特异性抗肿瘤免疫应答。目前，下一代基因测序技术和质谱分析为新抗原的发现和鉴定提供了有利的技术支撑。基于新抗原的个性化肿瘤免疫治疗的突出疗效，在国内外实体瘤治疗大放异彩;其还可作为如T细胞受体修饰的T细胞治疗(TCR-T)治疗的特异性靶标;联合其他抗肿瘤疗法也显示出良好的发展前景。现就目前基于肿瘤新生抗原免疫治疗的研究进展做一综述。

    [关键词] 肿瘤;免疫治疗;肿瘤新抗原;肿瘤疫苗

    [中图分类号] R730.5? ? ? ? ? [文献标识码] A? ? ? ? ? [文章编号] 1673-9701(2022)12-0188-04

    [Abstract] In recent years， immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy have become "specific drugs" for certain tumors because of their remarkable effective rate in treatment. As tumor-specific antigens， neoantigens can activate cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and exert specific anti-tumor immune responses. Currently， next-generation gene sequencing technology and mass spectrometry provide favorable technical support for the discovery and identification of neoantigens. Neoantigens-based personalized tumor immunotherapy has made a great splash in the treatment of solid tumors at home and abroad due to its outstanding efficacy. It can also serve as a specific target for T-cell receptor modified T-cell (TCR-T) therapy ......