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国医大师孙光荣论“养生第一要养心”(1)
http://www.100md.com 2019年1月1日 《湖南中医药大学学报》 20191
     〔摘要〕 国医大师孙光荣沉潜养生领域几十载,通过体悟经典与切身实践,总结出一套独特的养生理论。本文以孙老师凝练的养心歌诀为纲领,运用文献对比法挖掘其养心之妙义与具体方法,总结出孙老师的修心之道主要内容包括以德为先、养心为要、爱财有道、戒贪节欲、淡看沉浮、量力而行等方面。

    〔关键词〕 养生;养心;国医大师;孙光荣

    〔中图分类号〕R2-0 〔文献标志码〕A 〔文章编号〕doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2019.01.004

    Discussion on "Nourishing the Heart Is the First Thing in Health Preserving" by

    National Chinese Medicine Master Sun Guangrong

    WANG Dan1,3, HE Qinghu2,3, SHU Yi2, ZHANG Jidong4, SUN Guixiang2,3*, SUN Guangrong3*

    (1. Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; 2. National Chinese Medicine Master Sun Guangrong Studio of Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; 3. Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; 4. Institute of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China)

    〔Abstract〕 Sun Guangrong, a national Chinese medicine master, has been digging into the health preserving field for decades. Through his understanding of classics and personal practice, he has summarized a set of unique health preserving theories. Based on the principle of Master Sun's concise poetry for nourishing the heart, this paper uses the method of literature comparison to dig out the mysterious meaning and specific methods of nourishing the heart. It is concluded that the main contents of his way of cultivating the mind include cultivating morality first, nourishing the heart as a main consideration, loving money in a proper way, abstaining from greed and abstinence, looking down on ups and downs in life, and acting according to one's ability.

    〔Keywords〕 health preserving; nourishing the heart; national Chinese medicine master; Sun Guangrong

    国医大师孙光荣教授1940年生于中医世家,幼承庭训,九岁便随其父孙佛生先生研习中医,十八岁已开始独立行医济世。近六十载的行医生涯,除精通中医内科、妇科、情志病等临床上的疑难杂症外,孙老师在中医养生领域更是深有造诣。通过体悟经典与切身实践,孙老师创造性地总结出既内容丰富又说理朴约的养生歌诀,即“养生十诀”。“养生十诀”之第三诀提出“养生第一要养心”,具体歌诀为:养生第一要养心,心态平和万事安;世间名位与财色,合法合理合情享;过度贪求必招损,获取一分十赔偿;淡然面对浮与沉,量力而行身心安。下面以孙老师所创歌诀句式为纲,试逐一述其内涵。

    1 养生第一要养心,心态平和万事安

    孙老师谓“养生之德引领养生之道,养生之道主导养生之学,养生之学统领养生之法,养生之法指导养生之术,养生之术选择养生之器”[1],即认为养生可分为德、道、学、法、术、器六个层级。这六个层级先后有别,居于其首者为养生之德也。意即养生首先要养德,德者,何也?德乃会意,谓直视“所行之路”,遵循本性、本心,顺乎自然,便是德;本心初,本性善,本我无,便成德。舍欲之得,得德。《礼记·中庸》有“大德必得其寿”,《孟子》中有修精神层面“吾养吾浩然之气”的论述,而孙老师则将养生之德引申为要持有仁爱、平和之心,德高则神凝气定[2],身心泰然,气血和畅,此乃养生第一要养心,养心必先养德也。

    心者,非单指现代解剖意义所谓泵血之器质,而且兼具传统中医学意义上“主血脉”“主神明”“藏神”之功能,可主宰五脏六腑,乃一身之“大主”。《灵枢·本神》云:“所以任物者謂之心。”此言之意,乃心管理身体内多种事物,使身体保持正常运行状态。《素问·灵兰秘典论篇》说: “心者,君主之官,神明出焉”;“主明则下安,以此养生则寿,殁世不殆,以为天下则大昌。主不明则十二官危,使道闭塞而不通,形乃大伤,以此养生则殃,以为天下者,其宗大危,戒之戒之!”意即心藏神,且为君主之官,五脏六腑之大主也,各脏腑在心的领导下互相联系,各司其职,构成一个有机的整体[3]。若主不明,则十二官皆受其害。如国之明君,在其位时国泰民安;倘若君王体恙,或昏君暴者当道,则民不聊生,恐陷国将不国之危局。心之于人,如君之于国,首当养之护之。因此,养生之第一要义即养心。而养心并非单指养护心脏,而是泛指安养心性,调节情绪。, 百拇医药(王丹 何清湖 舒译 张冀东 孙贵香 孙光荣)
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